Additional Sources

These additional sources are recommended: From a compilation by Dr. Woody McGinnis formerly of Tucson, Arizona.

Malabsorption (J. Autism/Childhood Schizo, 1971 1(1):48-62)
freq. reports acholic stools (lack of bile), undigested fibers, positive Sudans (undigested fat test).
85% of autistic meet criteria for malabsorption (B.Walsh, 500 pts)
Maldigestion--elevated urinary peptides:
P Shattuck (Brain Dysfunct 1990; 3: 338-45 and 1991; 4: 323-4)
KL Reicheldt (Develop Brain Dys 1994; 7: 71-85, and others)
Z Sun and R Cade (Autism 1999; 3: 85-96 and 1999; 3: 67-83)
Microbial Overgrowth--fungal, bacterial and viral: William Shaw, Biological Basis of Autism and PDD, 1997. E Bolte on Clostridium (Med Hypoth, 1998; 51: 133-144). P. Shattock and A. Broughton: IAG elevations. W. Walsh and W. McGinnis: pyrrole elevations. Andrew Wakefield, (Lancet 1998; 351: 637-4), TJ Borody, Center for Digestive Diseases, New S. Wales, Australia.
Abnormal Intestinal Permeability: P D’Eufemia (Acta Pediatr 1995; 85; 1076-9) G.I. Symptoms reported by parents: diarrhea, constipation, gas, belching, probing, visibly undigested food, and need for rubs.
Compromised immunity: Recurrent Infections:

T-cell Deficiency (J Autism Child Schizo 7:49-55 1977)
Reduced NK Cell Activity (J Ann Acad Chil Psyc 26: 333-35 ‘87)
Low or absent IgA (Autism Develop Dis 16: 189-197 1986)
Low C4B levels (Clin Exp Immunol 83: 438-440 1991)
Skewed (“elevated”) Viral Titers increasing grass-roots reports V Singh University of Michigan

Phase II Liver Enzymes, Depression (S. Edelson, DAN Conference Sept, 1997, and Toxicology and Industrial Health 14 (4): 553-563 1998)
Sulphation low in 15 of 17 (mean 5 vs. nl 10-18)
Glutathione Conjugation low in 14 of 17 (mean 0.55 vs 1.4-2.9)
Glucuronidation low in 17 of 17 (mean 9.6 vs. 26.0-46.0)
Glycine Conjugation low in 12 of 17 (15.4 vs. 30.0-53.0)
Sulphation Deficit (Biol Psych 1; 46(3): 420-4, 1999)
Peroxisomal Malfunction (P Kane, J of Orthomolec Med 1997; 12-4: 207-218 and 1999; 14-2: 103-109)
Higher blood lead levels in Autism and documented response to EDTA Chelation (Am J Dis Chld 130: 47-48, 1976)
Apparent temporal association autism onset and lead exposure (Clinical Pediatrics 27: 1; 41-44 1988)

Lower serum Magnesium than controls (Mary Coleman, The Autistic Syndromes 197-205, 1976)
Lower RBC Magnesium than controls (J. Hayek, Brain Dysfunction, 1991)
Low activated B6 (P5P) in 42%. Autistic group also higher in serum copper. (Nutr. and Beh 2:9-17, 1984)
Low EGOT (functional B6) in 82% and all 12 subjects low in 4 amino acids (tyrosine, carnosine, lysine, and lysine hydroxylysine).
Dietary analysis revealed below-RDA intakes in Zinc (12 of 12 subjects), Calcium (8 of 12),
Vitamin D (9 of 12), Vitamin E (6 of 12) and Vitamin A (6 of 12) (G. Kotsanis, DAN Conf., Sept, 1996) B6 and Magnesium therapeutic efficacy--multiple positive studies (start with Am J Psych 1978; 135: 472-5)
Low Derivative Omega-6 RBC Membrane Levels 50 of 50 autistic assayed through Kennedy Krieger had GLA and DGLA below mean. Low Omega-3 less common (may even be elevated) (J Orthomolecular Medicine Vol 12, No. 4, 1997)
Low Methionine levels not uncommon (Observation by J. Pangborn)
Below normal glutamine (14 of 14), high glutamate (8 of 14) (Invest Clin 1996 June; 37(2): 112-28) Higher Copper/Zinc ratios in autistic children. (J. Applied Nutrition 48: 110-118, 1997)
Reduced sulphate conjugation and lower plasma sulphate in autistic. (Dev. Brain Dysfunct 1997; 10:40-43)
B12 deficiency suggested by elevated urinary methylmalonic acid (Lancet 1998; 351: 637-41)
Hypocalcinurics Improve with Calcium Supplementation, Lower Hair Calcium in Autistics Reported (Dev Brain Dysfunct 1994; 7: 63-70).

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