History Timeline

	Foods	Health effect of bad food?	Medicine & ?	Health effect of bad medicine?
10,000 B.C.	man first started eating a crude form of flat bread - a baked combination of wheat flour and water. herding of goats is thought to have evolved about 10,000 years ago in the mountains of Iran.
8,500 B.C.	wheat and barley had been domesticated in the Levant The biggest change in man's food was when he invented grain farming. ... stores the seeds, and consumes them throughout the year. This never occurred in nature prior to man's intervention.
8,000 B.C. World Disaster - Obliteration of more than 40 million animals about this time
6,700-6,500 B.C.	man ground grains with rocks
2,000- 3,000 B.C.	Egyptians made yeast-leavened breads. Since wheat is the only grain with sufficient gluten content to make a raised or leavened loaf of bread, wheat quickly became favored over other grains grown at the time, such as oats, millet, rice, and barley.
1552 B.C.	Egypt, cereal foods formed the main backbone of their diet from the predynastic period onward. Egypt... honey was used by the rich for a sweetener, but was probably too expensive for the poor.	... many statues and pictures of ancient Egyptians who are well overweight. Earliest known record of diabetes mentioned on 3rd Dynasty Egyptian papyrus	In their embalming process, the ancient Egyptians used a mixture of substances, including methanol, which they obtained from the pyrolysis of wood.
1100 B.C	Soy did not become human food until late in the Chou Dynasty (1134-246 B.C.),miso.
500 B.C.	Roman Empire, Cloaca Maxima (big sewer) is built in Rome by Etruscan dynasty of Tarquins. As Rome grows, a network of cloacae (sewers) and aquaducts are built. process known for creating sugar, by pressing out the juice and then boiling it into crystals, was developed in India around 500 BC.		First antibiotic: moldy soybean curds used to treat boils (China).
350 BC	Antiphanes writes about commercial baking with sifted flour
150 B.C.	Wheat - First bakers' guilds were formed in Rome. Tofu came after miso. Legend has it that, in 164 B.C., Its most popular use was-and is-as a few bland little blocks in miso soup or fish stock.
65 B.C.	Norse water mills working in Asia
542 to 767 A.D.	Use of coffee is known in Arabia
1180 - 1190	Windmills began to appear in Europe
1104 to 1110 AD	natto and tempeh, entered the food supply around 1000 A.D.	plague killed more than 90% of Europeans	1100s Variolation (inoculation with live virus) for smallpox first reported in China
1150 A.D.	refined white bread was used by the Church and the surplus sold to the nobility while the poor people ate dark bread
1388			Parliament passes an act forbidding the throwing of filth and garbage into ditches, rivers and waters. City of Cambridge also passes the first urban sanitary laws in England.
1553	Beck's Beer
1559	Tobacco introduced to Europe
1587	Introduction of potatoes to England
1611	European dairy cows arrived in America in 1611
1650	Coffee brought to England about this time
1662	Tea introduced to Britain
1690	first sugar refinery was built in New York City
1693–1700	Climate: Oat harvest failed repeatedly in Scotland – widespread starvation
1704	Britain's annual per capita consumption of sugar was 4lbs in 1704
1713	By this year there are some 3,000 coffee houses in London (They drank it with SUGAR!)
1721			Variolation introduced into Great Britain by Lady Mary Wortley Montagu
1750	By 1750 there were 150 cane refineries in Britain, producing some 30,000 tons of sugar each year.
1765	The potato becomes the most popular food in Europe The first soybean plant hit North American soil. Initially, American soybeans were used to make soy sauce and soy noodles for export to England.
1767	Carbonated Water sold
1769		Diabetes mentioned in medical book
1776	first ice cream parlor opened in New York City in 1776
1777	Wheat was first planted in the United States - as a hobby crop.
1784	Invention of threshing machine by Andrew Meikle
1786	Molson beer
1790	Deep fat fryer invented
1791	Sugar prices rise steeply - England
1796			Edward Jenner inoculated James Phipps with cowpox, and calls the procedure vaccination (vacca = cow, in Latin)
1800	Britain's annual per capita consumption of sugar was 18lbs in 1800
1803	Ice Box Invented in Maryland by Thomas Moore who named his ice box "refrigerator"
1809	French confectioner Nicolas François Appert invents canning
1812	Donkin, Hall & Gamble manufacture first canned food in London More about: canned food
1816	England - Economic depression - rise in wheat prices
1816-1947		Smallpox
1820	World population reached 1 billion. Saratoga Springs bottled water Tomato is proven nonpoisonous
1831	The invention of the mechanical reaper by Cyrus McCormick made it possible to harvest wheat much more efficiently than by hand with scythes or sickles.
1847	Chocolate Bar - 1847 (Britain) European crop failure nearly all of the beef sold in America was grass-fed.
1852	Three quarters of all milk sold in New York in 1852 was slop milk. Slop is of little value in fattening cattle. It is unnatural food to them and makes them diseased and emaciated. But it made cows produce a lot of milk.
1855	Patent for powdered milk in UK More about: milk
1856	Condensed milk patented - 1856 (Gail Borden)
1861-1865 American Civil War
1866	production of dextrose from corn starch Soy milk originated as a byproduct of the process of making tofu; the earliest reference to it as a beverage appeared in 1866.5
1867	Henri Nestlé created a nutritious product for infants that could be used by mothers who were unable to breast-feed.
1869	development of margarine by Mege Mouris in France
1870	Compound lard introduced (mixed with veg oils), cottonseed oil used as food		Louis Pasteur creates the first live attenuated bacterial vaccine (chicken cholera)
1872	a factory, built in California, was finally able to successfully produce sugar in a profitable manner
1873	introduction of the roller miller at the World's Fair
Between 1874 and 1884	Wheat - 5,000 Russian Mennonites settled in Kansas. They brought with them Turkey Red winter wheat.
1876	Budweiser beer (later becomes the 1st national brand) Beer pasteurization Premium soda crackers (later Saltines)			By 1876, the birth rate in Britain began to decline from 36/1000 to less than 14/1000 in 1941, at which time the National Loaf became compulsory (85% extraction, including the germ). In the next two years, the birth rate rose to 16/1000. Vitamin E deficiency was the suspected cause, since it was believed to have something to do with human and animal reproduction, and is destroyed in the refining of flour.
1879			First vaccine for cholera
1880	Using imported concentrates of lemon and lime, Pfizer begins manufacturing citric acid. (Used in soft drinks) In 1880, about 1.5 million litres of wood alcohol were produced in the USA
1882	refined corn sugar or anhydrous sugar first produced, Corn gluten animal feed was first manufactured
1885	Dr. Pepper - 1885 (invention)
1886	Aluminum Cookware manufacture process invented - 1886 (Wear-Ever) Coca Cola
1889	origin of the modern pizza first commercial production of corn oil
1890	During the 1890s, the market for methanol (then better known as wood alcohol) increased as a commercial product and as a solvent for use in the workplace. It was included in many consumer products such as witch hazel, Jamaica ginger, vanilla extract and perfumes. Europe started to eat relatively saturated vegetable fats, as from coconut and palm oils		First vaccine for tetanus
1894-1920			Dr. Nathaniel Potter... pursued research in New York on three metabolic diseases: diabetes, gout, and nephritis.
1895	Sewage cleanup in London means the return of some fish species (grilse, whitebait, flounder, eel, smelt) to the Thames River. Commercial pasteurization machines were first introduced
1896			First vaccine for typhoid fever
1897	Campbell's Condensed Soup Grape Nuts	the leading causes of death in the industrial world were infectious diseases such as tuberculosis, influenza, and pneumonia.	First vaccine for bubonic plague
1898	Pepsi Cola first sold
1899	Wesson oil
1900	first vacuum packed coffee - 1900 (Hills) Some experts claim that the hamburger was invented that year in New Haven, Connecticut.	Nearly a third to half of all babies born in the USA in 1900 never saw their 5th birthday. Whooping cough, dyphtheria, and both rheumatic fever and scarlet fever (strep throat gone really serious) were major killers. A journal article, written in 1942, discusses the deterioration of the physique of the British, between the 18th century and the Boer War around 1900 (Alvarez, 1942). The most probable explanation was that they had come to depend too much on white flour and sugar, whereas their ancestors had eaten plenty of 'whole wheat flour.
1902	Karo corn syrup
1904	Iced Tea Popcorn, hog dogs, ice cream cones, and peanut butter were introduced at the St. Louis World's fair. Invention of Ginger Ale
1906	Instant coffee mass marketing Corn Flakes - Kellogg Company Founding	Alzheimer's Disease Discovered
1908	Cellophane invented - Jacques E. Brandenberger 1st compulsory pasteurization law in Chicago
1910	Brassiere - first US Patent [click here for good site about bras] wood alcohol ...produced in the USA ...in 1910...over 3 million litres In 1910, Americans were each eating about 210 pounds of wheat flour each year. "bleaching flour and the evidence establishes that nitrogen-peroxide gas was employed for that purpose and further establishes that that gas, nitrous acid, nitric acid, and nitrites of the kind which may be produced by such treatment are poisonous and deleterious substances, and that these substances when taken in sufficient quantities will produce poisonous action or death....its purpose evidently was to open wide the opportunities for bleaching flour and the promise that no action would be taken looking to a restriction of this process.... The result is that the millers who at first were unwilling to indulge in bleaching have been forced to bleach in order to maintain their trade ....Thus the very law which the Supreme Court has said was enacted chiefly to protect the public health has been turned into a measure to threaten public health and to defraud the purchasers of flour."
1911	Crisco soy oil used as food hydrogenated all-vegetable-oil shortenings were introduced Refined salt - Anticaking agents ... are hygroscopic chemicals which absorb humidity, keeping the salt crystals from sticking together.		“…when I graduated from medical school in 1911, I had never heard of coronary thrombosis"
1912	The 1st self-service grocery store opened in California. hamburger buns Oreo Cookie
1913	Production of Beecham’s Pills laxative reaches one million a day
1914	The war in Europe affected imported pasta from Italy and because of this, The U.S. started large scale production. Milk tank trucks	Nitrogen bichloride, also known as agene, was one of the earliest bleaching agents used on wheat flour. After 40 years of use, it was finally found to cause canine hysteria, and was outlawed
1914-1918 First World War (the "Great War"
1915	Lipstick - 1915 (US manufacture in tube) Processed American Cheese was introduced to American stores by J.L. Kraft and Son.
1916	First electric refrigerator first hamburger fast-food chain was White Castle
1917	Mascara and Colored Powder (Helena Rubinstein) "The effects of drinking caffeine on an empty stomach and in a free state are far more dangerous than drinking an equal quantity of caffeine wrapped up with tannic acid in tea and coffee." From court records re: Coca Cola		Cholera vaccine Typhoid vaccine (parenteral)
1919	Homogenized milk sold successfully		The deadly "Spanish Flu" that killed 675,000 Americans in 1918-1919 was caused by VACCINATIONS!! Beginning in 1911, vaccinations were mandatory for U.S. military personnel. A lot of the dead were soldiers preparing to go overseas to fight the enemy abroad.
1920	Max Factor Makeup - 1920s (era of starting popularity) During the 1920s and 1930s ...Other methods for making acetic acid and methanol became cheaper. The 1920s witnessed a "plastics craze", as the use of cellophane sp