The vaccine works by causing the body to produce its own protection (antibodies) against these bacteria.
http://www.immunisation.nhs.uk/Vaccines/Hib_Men_C/Vaccine/How_does_the_vaccine_work
The allergy antibody (IgE) made by your immune system is produced in response to your exposure to substances we refer to as ALLERGENS. Allergens are usually environmentally stable foreign substances like pollen proteins that may induce unfortunate allergy immune reactions in predisposed individuals.
http://www.allernet.com/ALLABOUT/index.html
we have our antibodies, which are produced by so-called plasma cells. These antibodies are of the gamma globulin type proteins. Otherwise called immunoglobulins (Ig), they complement our white blood cells in combating infections. Thus, IgM or immunoglobulin M is the first antibody that would meet an invading microbe, together with neutrophil.
Likewise, the longer-lasting IgG takes over if the battle lasts longer. IgG is also the most common antibody our bodies produced in response to vaccination or immunization. Breast-fed infants get abundant supply of IgA from their mothers and also IgG while they were still inside the womb. IgE pairs with eosinophil in controlling parasitic infestations.
http://www.sunstar.com.ph/static/bag/2005/01/16/oped/dr..vic.dumaguing.html
pg 72 - "Most frequently the immunoglobulin involved is IgE. This reaction occurs in a very short period of time after eating the offending food, and is called an immediate reaction. Other reactions can involve IgG, IgM, IgA, and S-IgA. These can occur at a later time and are called delayed reactions."
pg 14:
"In 1839, the French physiologist Francois Magendie (1783-1855), while investigating the effects of substances on living organisms, created allergylike symptoms in animals, and found that animals sensitized to egg white by injection died after a subsequent injection."
"In 1901, French scientist Charles Richet (1850-1935) coined the word anaphylaxis to designate the sensitivity developed by an organism after being given an injection of protein or toxin."
pg 16:
"Working in Germany in the early part of the twentieth century, Prausnitz and an associate - experimented on themselves, and through injections, developed severe asthma and hives."
Allergy 1978 Jun:33(3):155-9 Aluminum phosphate but not calcium phosphate stimulates the specific IgE response in guinea pigs to tetanus toxoid. It is hypothesized that the regular application of aluminum compound-containing vaccines on the entire population could be one of the factors leading to the observed increase of allergic diseases. PMID 707792
Pediatric Allergy Immunol 1994 May;5(2):118-23 Immunoglobulin E and G responses to pertussis toxin after booster immunization in relation to atopy, local reactions and aluminum content of the vaccines. The role of aluminum for IgG and IgE responses to pertussis toxin (PT), as well as for side effects, was investigated in 49 children with known atopy status………………the addition of aluminum to the pertussis vaccine was, thus, associated with a stronger IgG antibody response, but tended also to induce a stronger IgE antibody response. The correlation between total IgE and PT-IgE, which was most prominent in children with atopy, indicates that the role of immunization for the development of allergy merits further studies. PMID 808719
http://www.vran.org/vaccines/anaphylaxis/vaccine-ana.htm
A PILOT STUDY TO ASSESS POST VACCINATION ALLERGY INDUCED
AFTER BCG VACCINATION IN INFANTS VACCINATED BY AUXILIARY
NURSE-MIDWIVES IN AJMER (RAJASTHAN)
Yet, the observed mean size of post-vaccination allergy in both the groups
was below 6 mm i.e. much lower than what could be expected. Since the
maximum extent of
post-vaccination
allergy occurs three to four months following vaccination, the
possible waning of allergy, if any, that could have occurred in the two to
three months that elapsed after the target timing could not have been so
profound.
http://lrsitbrd.nic.in/IJTB/Year%201990/October%201990/october%201990%20D.pdf
Do DTP and Tetanus Vaccinations Cause Asthma?
New Study Shows Vaccinated Children Twice as Likely to Get Asthma and
Other Allergy-Related Symptoms
By Michael Devitt
A new study in the Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics1
supports the findings of
three previous studies that children who receive diphteria-tetanus-pertussis
(DTP) or tetanus vaccines are more likely to have a “history of asthma” or
other “allergy-related respiratory symptoms.”
The study
reviewed data from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey, which was conducted by the National Center for Health Statistics
from 1988 to 1994.
http://www.chiroweb.com/mpacms/dc/article.php?id=31598
J Manipulative
Physiol Ther. 2000 Feb;23(2):81-90.
Effects of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis or tetanus vaccination on
allergies and allergy-related respiratory symptoms among children and
adolescents in the United States.
Hurwitz EL, Morgenstern
H.
Source
UCLA School of Public Health, Department of Epidemiology, Los Angeles, Calif
90095-1772, USA. ehurwitz@ucla.edu
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Findings from animal and human studies confirm that diphtheria and tetanus
toxoids and pertussis (DTP) and tetanus vaccinations induce allergic
responses; associations between childhood vaccinations and subsequent
allergies have been reported recently.
OBJECTIVE:
The association of DTP or tetanus vaccination with allergies and
allergy-related respiratory symptoms among children and adolescents in the
United States was assessed.
METHODS:
Data were used from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination
Survey on infants aged 2 months through adolescents aged 16 years. DTP or
tetanus vaccination, lifetime allergy history, and allergy symptoms in the
past 12 months were based on parental or guardian recall. Logistic
regression modeling was performed to estimate the effects of DTP or tetanus
vaccination on each allergy.
RESULTS:
The odds of having a history of asthma was twice as great among vaccinated
subjects than among unvaccinated subjects (adjusted odds ratio, 2.00; 95%
confidence interval, 0.59 to 6.74). The odds of having had any
allergy-related respiratory symptom in the past 12 months was 63% greater
among vaccinated subjects than unvaccinated subjects (adjusted odds ratio,
1.63; 95% confidence interval, 1.05 to 2.54). The associations between
vaccination and subsequent allergies and symptoms were greatest among
children aged 5 through 10 years.
CONCLUSIONS:
DTP or tetanus vaccination appears to increase the
risk of allergies and related respiratory symptoms in children and
adolescents. Although it is unlikely that these results are entirely
because of any sources of bias, the small number of unvaccinated subjects
and the study design limit our ability to make firm causal inferences about
the true magnitude of effect.
PMID:
10714532 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10714532
Michel Odent20 found the frequency of asthma in a group of fully vaccinated children to be 11%, while a 1997 NZ study21 found 23%. Both found the frequency in the unvaccinated children to be only 0 1%. Several studies have found the rate higher after vaccines that use aluminum hydroxide as adjuvants in the postnatal period.22
Significantly, there was a decrease in deaths from asthma in the U.S. for some years until the DPT vaccine was mandated in the U.S. for school entry, in 1978. Since then, deaths from asthma23 and other immune disorders have been rising (as has also the reported incidence of whooping cough itself!).
20 JAMA 1994;272 (8): pgs 592-3, and Lancet
1994:344:140.
21 Epidemiology 1997 Nov 8:6 678-80
22 J Allergy Clin Immunol 1999;104:1128-30. Dec 1999; 104 Number 6
23 CDC MMWR reports (See Appendix B in Submission article on this web
site)
http://www.vaccination.inoz.com/asthma3.html
Aktion=ShowFulltext&ArtikelNr=112498&Ausgabe=234225&ProduktNr=224161
A Neonatal Swine Model of Allergy Induced by the Major Food Allergen
Chicken Ovomucoid (Gal d 1)
Methods: In order to
induce Ovm sensitivity, piglets at days 14, 21 and 35 of age were
sensitized by intraperitoneal injection of 100 µg of crude Ovm and
cholera toxin (50, 25 or 10 µg). Controls received 50 µg of
cholera toxin in phosphate-buffered saline.
http://content.karger.com/ProdukteDB/produkte.asp?
Brandt and his colleagues induced an allergy to chicken eggs in a group of mice by injecting them with ovalbumin, an egg protein. Then they fed the mice ovalbumin, placed within coated pill-like beads to prevent the protein’s destruction in the stomach. The mice became unable to digest food, a sign that they were suffering a severe allergic reaction. A control group of mice that weren’t allergic to ovalbumin showed no signs of distress when fed the beads.
http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1200/is_/ai_104730216
definition: induced allergy
allergy resulting from the injection of an antigen,
contact with an antigen, or infection with a microorganism, as contrasted
with hereditary allergy.
http://medical-dictionary.thefreedictionary.com/induced+allergy
Inflammatory Responses in Skin and Airways after Allergen Challenge in Brown Norway Rats Sensitized to Trimellitic Anhydride.
Abstract:
Trimellitic anhydride (TMA) is a low-molecular-weight compound which
causes occupational allergy.
Brown Norway rats were sensitized
to TMA injected intradermally (0.3% TMA suspended in oil).
Three weeks later, we examined responses to either free TMA injected
intradermally, or TMA conjugated to rat serum albumin (TMA-RSA) given by
inhalation (0.5% nebulized for 15 min). Twenty-one days after the
sensitization, …Sensitized animals showed significantly higher levels of
specific IgG and IgE. We conclude that brown Norway rats can be used as a
model of TMA-induced allergic inflammation, mimicking occupational asthma.
(C) 1996 Munksgaard International Publishers Ltd.
Professor Tara Shirakawa, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, has published the results of a study in Japan on 867 infants who received BCG vaccine and had tuberculin tests. Thirty-six per cent developed allergies, including asthma. The number of TB cases in the province under review appeared not to increase but, by contrast, the incidence of severe allergy clearly did. (Science, Vol 275, 3 Jan 1997. )
http://www.communicationagents.com/emma_holister/2004/10/16/vaccination_overdose_by_sylvie_simon.htm
From preview of the book
Samter’s Immunologic Diseases
By Karl Frank Austen
In 1902, Charles Richet and Paul Portier reported that,
whereas the extract from sea
anemone tentacles had no effect on dogs when given as a single injection,
a second injection after a few weeks caused arapid and fatal reaction.
Richet gave the term anaphylaxis to this phenomenon suggesting
that the initial injection of toxin had somehow weakened the dog’s defense
mechanisms and increased its susceptibility to toxin on subsequent
exposure.
Reported pertussis infection and
risk of atopy in 8- to 12-yr-old vaccinated and nonvaccinated children.
1. Original Article
Pediatric Allergy & Immunology.
19(1):46-52, February 2008.
Bernsen, Roos M. D. 1, 2; Nagelkerke, Nico J. D. 2; Thijs, Carel 3; van der
Wouden, Johannes
C. 1
Abstract:
Pertussis infection has been suspected to be a potential causal factor in
the development of atopic disease because of the
effect of pertussis immunization
on specific IgE antibodies. Although several studies found a
positive association between pertussis infection and atopic disorders, this
relationship has not yet been studied in a population stratified by
vaccination status. To assess the association between pertussis infection
and atopic disorders in pertussis-unvaccinated children and in
pertussis-vaccinated children. Using data from a previously conducted study
on the relationship between the diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis-(inactivated)
poliomyelitis vaccination in the first year of life and atopic disorders,
the study population of 1872 8-12 yr old was divided into children
pertussis-unvaccinated and children pertussis-vaccinated in the first year
of life. Within each group, the association between pertussis infection and
atopic disorders (both as reported by the parents) was assessed.
In the unvaccinated group,
there were no significant associations between pertussis infection and
atopic disorders. In the vaccinated group, all associations between
pertussis infection and atopic disorders were positive,
the associations with asthma [odds ratio (OR) = 2.24, 95% confidence interval
(CI95%): 1.36-3.70], hay fever (OR = 2.35, CI95%: 1.46-3.77) and food
allergy (OR = 2.68, CI95%: 1.48-4.85) being significant. There was a
positive association between pertussis infection and atopic disorders in the
pertussis vaccinated group only. From the present study, it cannot be
concluded whether this association is causal or due to reverse causation.
http://www.vaccinetruth.org/peanut_oil.htm
Food allergy and anaphylaxis – 2045. Highly elevated IgE antibodies to vaccine components in influenza vaccine-associated anaphylaxis in Japan
Background Anaphylaxis after vaccination is rare but significant problem since it may be fatal without prompt treatment. Proper diagnosis and identification of the causative agent is critical for management and prophylaxis of the anaphylaxis. Influenza vaccine-associated anaphylaxis (IVA) has been related to egg allergy since influenza vaccines are produced in embryonated eggs. However, patients with IVA do not always have egg allergy. In 2011-12 season, increase in incidence of IVA was reported from one manufacturer in Japan (approximately, 1 in 1.4 million doses in regular years and 1 in 0.4 million doses in 2011).
Objectives To identify the cause of the anaphylaxis events in 2011-12 in Japan.
Conclusions The results suggest that the recent IVA in Japan was caused by specific IgE antibodies to influenza vaccine components and that phenoxyethanol may have modified the reaction. Measurement of vaccine-component-specific IgE and basophil activation is useful for diagnosis of vaccine-associated anaphylaxis.
World Allergy Organ J. 2013; 6(Suppl 1): P130. Published online 2013 April 23. doi: 10.1186/1939-4551-6-S1-P130 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3643554/
Egg-related allergy is common, particularly in children with asthma or general allergies, and may be as high as 40% in children with moderate to severe atopic dermatitis. 21 The risk of egg-related allergy after vaccination depends on the presence of egg protein in the final product.
eMJA The Medical Journal of Australia http://www.mja.com.au/public/issues/184_04_200206/eld10500_fm.html
Pediatrics 1988 Jun (81) Supplement - Report on the Task Force on Pertussis and Pertussis Immunization – extract states, For more than 25 years, it has been known that pertussis vaccine is a reliable adjuvant for the production of experimental allergic encephalitis.
Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir 1987;23 Suppl 10:111s-113s A model for experimental asthma: provocation in guinea-pigs immunized with Bordetella pertussis states, “ Guinea-pigs were sensitized with killed Bordetella pertussis………the presence of the immediate type of immune response was verified by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis……B. pertussis not only alters adrenergic function but provocation in B. pertussis-sensitized guinea-pigs seems to be a good model for bronchial asthma. PMID 2889487
Pediatr Res 1987 Sep;22(3):262-7 Murine responses to immunization with pertussis toxin and bovine serum albumin: I. Mortality observed after bovine albumin challenge is due to an anaphylactic reaction……….the results of our experiments have established that the disease induced by coimmunizing mice with Ptx and BSA is due to an immediate type hypersensitivity…………PMID 3309858
Infect Immun 1987 Apr.;55(4):1004-8 Anaphylaxis or so-called encephalopathy in mice sensitized to an antigen with the aid of pertussigen (pertussis toxin), states, Sensitization of mice with 1mg of bovine serum albumin (BSA) or chicken egg albumin (EA) ………….induced a high degree of anaphylactic sensitivity when the mice were challenged i.v. with 1 mg of antigen 14 days later. PMID 3557617
http://www.vaccinetruth.org/peanut_oil.htm
A study of 450 children, 11% of the children who had received the pertussis vaccination suffered from asthma, as compared with only 2% of the children who had not been vaccinated. [This does not tell you if the "unvaccinated children" had no vaccinations or just other vaccinations...- bfg] PMID 8057511
Allergy 1983 May;38(4):261-71
The non-specific enhancement of allergy. III. Precipitation of bronchial anaphylactic reactivity in primed rats by injection of alum or B. pertussis vaccine: relation of response capacity to IgE and IgG2a antibody levels. …..These results show that injection of alum or B. pertussis vaccine without antigen can precipitate/enhance anaphylactic response capacity and production of specific and non-specific IgE and IgG2a. PMID 6307077
Allergy 1980 Jan;35(1):65-71 Antigen-induced bronchial anaphylaxis in actively sensitized guinea pigs. Pattern of response in relation to immunization regimen….guinea-pigs sensitized with small amounts of antigen together with alum produced IgE and IgG1 antibodies. PMID 7369497
Allergy 1978 Jun:33(3):155-9 Aluminum phosphate but not calcium phosphate stimulates the specific IgE response in guinea pigs to tetanus toxoid. It is hypothesized that the regular application of aluminum compound-containing vaccines on the entire population could be one of the factors leading to the observed increase of allergic diseases. PMID 707792
Pediatr Allergy Immunol 1994 May;5(2):118-23 Immunoglobulin E and G responses to pertussis toxin after booster immunization in relation to atopy, local reactions and aluminum content of the vaccines. The role of aluminium for IgG and IgE responses to pertussis toxin (PT), as well as for side effects, was investigated in 49 children with known atopy status………………the addition of aluminum to the pertussis vaccine was, thus, associated with a stronger IgG antibody response, but tended also to induce a stronger IgE antibody response. The correlation between total IgE and PT-IgE, which was most prominent in children with atopy, indicates that the role of immunization for the development of allergy merits further studies. PMID 8087191
Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1998 Jul 6;32(3):155-172 entitled Aluminum compounds as vaccine adjuvants stated, “Limitations of aluminum adjuvants include local reactions, augmentation of IgE antibody responses, ineffectiveness for some antigens and inability to augment cell-mediated immune responses, especially cytotoxic T-Cell responses. PMID 10837642
Annals of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology, Vol. 85, Number 1, July 2000 article T-cell subsets (Th1 versus Th2) includes Figure 7 on page 15 – “Factors responsible for the imbalance of the Th1/Th2 responses which is partly responsible for the increased prevalence of allergy in Western countries. Risk for atopy - Th2, increased exposure to some allergens and Th2-biasing vaccines (alum as adjuvant).”
Immunology Today, March 1998, Volume 19, p. 113-116 states, “Modern vaccinations, fear of germs and obsession with hygiene are depriving the immune system of information input upon which it is dependent. This fails to maintain the correct cytokine balance and fine-tune T-cell regulation, and may lead to increased incidences of allergies and autoimmune diseases.”
From the journal Allergy 1999, 54, 398-399, Multiple Vaccination effects on atopy, “An increase in the incidence of childhood atopic diseases may be expected as a result of concurrent vaccination strategies that induce a Th2-biased immune response. What should be discussed is whether the prize of a reduction of common infectious diseases through a policy of mass vaccination from birth is worth the price of a higher prevalence of atopy.”
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, Feb. 2000; 23(2):81-90, Effects of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis or tetanus vaccination on allergies and allergy-related respiratory symptoms among children and adolescents in the United States, “The odds of having a history of asthma was twice as great among vaccinated subjects than among unvaccinated subjects. The odds of having any allergy-related respiratory symptom in the past 12 months was 63% greater among vaccinated subjects than unvaccinated subjects.” PMID 10714532
Thorax 1998 Nov;53(11):927-32 Early childhood infection and atopic disorder, stated “Interpretation of the prediction of atopic disorders by immunisation with wholecell pertussis vaccine and treatment with oral antibiotics needs to be very cautious because of the possibilities of confounding effects and reverse causation. However, plausible immune mechanisms are identifiable for the promotion of atopic disorders by both factors and further investigation of these association is warranted.” PMID 10193389
Epidemiology 1997 Nov;8(6):678-80 Is infant immunization a risk factor for childhood asthma or allergy? This study followed 1,265 children born in 1977. The 23 children who received no DPT and polio immunizations had no recorded asthma episodes or consultations for asthma or other allergic illness before age 10 years; in the immunized children, 23.1% had asthma episodes, 22.5% asthma consultations, and 30% consultations for other allergic illness. Similar differences were observed at ages 5 and 16 years. PMID 9345669
Arerugi 2000 Jul;49(7):585-92, The Effect of DPT and BCG vaccinations on atopic disorders findings include, “From these results we conclude that DPT vaccination has some effect in the promotion of atopic disorders ……. PMID 10944825
Agents Actions. 1976 Feb;6(1-3):75-85.
Adjuvant disease induced by mycobacteria, determinants of
arthritogenicity.
Audibert F, Chedid L.
Genetic, endocrine and immunological factors are probably involved in
adjuvant polyarthritis. The nature of the vehicle and of the mycobacterial
components administered also has a major influence. It was originally
assumed that arthritogenicity and adjuvanticity of mycobacterial fractions
such as wax D were intimately related. Our previous findings showed that the
water soluble adjuvant (WSA) of M.smegmatis which could substitute for
mycobacterial cells in Freund's complete adjuvant and induce delayed
hypersensitivity was not arthritogenic in the Wistar rat.
We have since
observed that auto-immune diseases could be elicited by WSA.
Therefore experiments were repeated using the very susceptible Lewis strain.
The activity of cord factor and of various mycobacterial preparations
suspended in mineral or in
peanut oil
was also evaluated in mice and in normal or hypophysectomized rats. Our
present findings confirm the absence of arthritogenicity of WSA in the Lewis
strain. They also indicate that cord factor with WSA does not suffice to
induce a
generalized adjuvant disease, but that a mycobacterial component
which could be susceptible to lysozyme treatment is required also. However,
the local
inflammation of the injected limb was produced by a preparation of
cord factor administered in mineral or even in
peanut oil.
This was observed in normal or hypophysectomized rats and in Swiss mice
which were not susceptible to the generalized disease.
PMID: 181972 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Potential Role for Adjuvanted Influenza
Vaccine
Adjuvanted inactivated influenza virus vaccines (AIVV) were developed and
administered to thousands of people during the mid-1940s and continuing to
the mid-1970s. These studies demonstrated increased antibody responses and
increased protection for AIVV when compared to aqueous vaccines and
indicated that use of such vaccines could increase protection during
interpandemic periods. Moreover, the enhanced immunogenicity obtained with
lower doses suggested that the number of vaccine doses available for use
against pandemic influenza could be considerably increased while still
obtaining acceptable responses.
Increased immunogenicity for AIVV was reported in 1945; a four-fold
enhancement of serum haemagglutination-inhibiting (HAI) antibody titres was
seen when mineral oil was mixed with aqueous vaccine.
This finding was confirmed by others and the study of adjuvanted vaccines
was then expanded. Most studies employed mineral oil or
peanut oil
(adjuvant 65, Merck & Co.) containing an emulsifier or an aluminium
compound. The aluminium compounds varied in their immune-enhancing effects,
but the two oil adjuvants
consistently enhanced responses. Mean serum HAI antibody titres
for two representative studies are shown in Table 1.
The magnitude of the increase (=>68 fold), the pattern for increase in all
age groups including the elderly, the fact that results are similar for two
type A subtypes, and that the greater response for adjuvant occurred with a
lower antigen dose are of particular interest. Responses reported for
influenza type A and type B viruses were similar. In one study, antibody was
also measured in nasal secretions where frequencies of rises for AIVV
increased from 47% to 78% and the geometric mean titre (GMT) from 0.4 to
1.0.
Thus, oil adjuvant
vaccines can increase serum antibody significantly in all age groups when
compared to comparable aqueous inactivated influenza virus vaccines.
[In other words, they don't want to use a
water-base adjuvant. So injecting you and your child with peanut will do a
better job of making antibodies.... Do you really want the allergy and
asthma antibodies?- bfg] Moreover, antibody increases in
secretions appear to parallel those in serum. The overall antibody response
has also broadened to include more related variants and to persist for up to
three years. Early reactogenicity was increased for AIVV when given
subcutaneously but reduced with intramuscular administration.
The enhanced immunogenicity of oil adjuvant vaccine was accompanied by
enhanced protection. Using an A/Hong Kong (H3N2) virus challenge of
volunteers, Freestone et al. [3] reported increased serum and nasal
secretion neutralising antibody for a mineral oil adjuvant vaccine group
(3500 HA unit dose) compared with aqueous split product vaccine at an 8000
HA unit dose. Virus shedding and illness after challenge were similar for
split vaccine and controls but significantly lower for oil adjuvant vaccine.
A summary of results from field trials with mineral oil adjuvant vaccine
among USA military personnel is shown in Table 2.
Despite substantial increases in immunogenicity and effectiveness for oil
adjuvant vaccines, their use was discontinued.
[Maybe for a while they discontinuted using the mineral oil but they are
definitely using peanut oil, soy oil, fish oil, and sesame oil. - bfg]
Reports of increased tumour formation in animals from mineral
oil and Arlacel A (the emulsifier), and the occurrence of nodules, cysts, or
sterile abscesses in a low proportion of recipients (323 per 10,000
vaccinees) were contributing factors. It is of interest that an 18-year
follow-up of 18,000 oil adjuvant vaccinees did not reveal any increase in
occurrences of cancer [5].
The recent development of a variety of experimental adjuvants and the
burgeoning market for influenza virus vaccines has stimulated renewed
interest in AIVV. Recent clinical trials have employed liposomes,
monophosphoryl lipid A, Qs21 (active component of the saponin Quil A) and MF
59 (a synthetic adjuvant containing squalene). In experimental animals,
significantly enhanced immunogenicity and efficacy have been observed for
each of these; in humans, the response so far is only marginal. Clearly, the
level of enhancement reported is considerably below that reported previously
for oil adjuvant vaccine.
Improvements in the effectiveness of inactivated influenza virus vaccines,
not only to enhance their performance but also to maintain and improve their
reputation as a valuable preventive measure for influenza, are needed.
Adjuvants can potentially enhance the effectiveness of current vaccines for
both interpandemic and pandemic influenza. It is, therefore, important that
efforts continue towards the identification of an adjuvant preparation that
can approach the degree of enhancement conveyed in the past by oil adjuvant
vaccines.
R.B. Couch
Department of Microbiology and Immunology
Baylor College of Medicine
Houston, Texas, USA
References
Hennessy AV, Davenport FM. Relative merits of aqueous and adjuvant influenza
vaccines when used in a two-dose schedule. Public Health Rpts 1961; 76:
411419.
Stokes J Jr, Weibel
RE, Drake ME, et al. New metabolizable immunologic adjuvant for human use. N
Engl J Med 1964; 271: 479487.
Freestone DS, Hamilton-Smith S, Schild EC, et al. Antibody responses and
resistance to challenge in volunteers vaccinated with live attenuated,
detergent split and oil adjuvant A2/Hong Kong/68 (H3N2) influenza viruses. J
Hyg Camb 1972; 70: 531543.
Davenport FM. Applied
immunology of mineral oil adjuvants. J Allergy 1961; 32: 177189.
Beebe GW, Simon AH, Vivona LS.
Long-term mortality follow-up of army recruits who received adjuvant
influenza virus vaccine in 19511953. Am J Epidemiol 1972; 95: 33746.
http://www.eswi.org/Bulletin_April_1997.cfm
Can J Comp Med. 1985 Apr;49(2):149-51.
Comparison of tissue reactions produced by Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae vaccines made with six different adjuvants in swine.
Straw BE, MacLachlan NJ, Corbett WT, Carter PB, Schey HM.
Tissue damage caused by six different adjuvants incorporated in a Haemophilus pleuropneumoniae vaccine was compared in swine. The adjuvants compared were four mineral oil compounds, one peanut oil compound and aluminum hydroxide. Inoculations were given in the neck, quadriceps and semitendinosus muscles. The mineral oil adjuvants were highly irritant and caused extensive areas of granulomatous inflammation that were present at eight weeks after injection. The aluminum hydroxide produced smaller lesions that also persisted for eight weeks. Only the peanut oil adjuvant did not produce significant lesions at the site of injection. At two and four weeks, but not at eight weeks postinoculation, lesions in the quadriceps and semitendinosus muscles were approximately twice as extensive as those in the muscles of the neck.
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_
uids=4016580&dopt=Abstract
CAN VACCINE ADJUVANTS CAUSE ALLERGIES AND ANAPHYLAXIS?
Requests for information on the types of adjuvants currently used in human vaccines have not been answered to date. We did find that adjuvants are used to create allergic animals for scientific study and also that peanut oil has been used as an adjuvant. Peanut is by far the most common food to cause anaphylaxis in young children. Is peanut oil, or a similar protein or portion of a protein used in human vaccines as an adjuvant or “protein coat” in the Hib vaccine? Aluminum has also been used as an adjuvant and is known to cause allergies according to the studies below. Could the adjuvants used in vaccines over the last 15 years be creating anaphylactic and allergic children?
C/o Rita Hoffman, R. R. #2,
Stirling, Ontario K0K 3E0 Canada
613-478-3236 pancakehill@sympatico.ca
November 6, 2001
Immunization Safety Review Committee, National Academy of Sciences
Institute of Medicine FO 3009
2101 Constitution Avenue NW
Washington, D.C. 20418
Dear Dr. McCormick, Chair & Committee,
http://www.vaccinetruth.org/peanut_oil.htm
Prevalence of anti-gelatin IgE antibodies in people with anaphylaxis after measles-mumps rubella vaccine in the United States.
Anaphylactic reactions to MMR in the United States are rare. The reporting rate has the same order of magnitude as estimates from other countries. Almost one fourth of patients with reported anaphylaxis after MMR seem to have hypersensitivity to gelatin in the vaccine. They may be at higher risk of developing anaphylaxis to subsequent doses of other gelatin-containing vaccines.
Pediatrics. 2002 Dec;110(6):e71. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12456938
Thank you for the opportunity to submit the following information for your review of the possible association between multiple immunizations in newborns and infants and immune system dysfunction. We are writing in particular about the potentially life threatening allergic response called anaphylaxis.
The exact numbers of children affected by anaphylaxis are difficult to pinpoint. A study in Arch Intern Med 2001 Jan 8;161(1):15-2, Anaphylaxis in the United States: an investigation into its epidemiology, concluded with “The occurrence of anaphylaxis in the US is not as rare as is generally believed. On the basis of our figures, the problem of anaphylaxis may, in fact, affect 1.21% (1.9 million) to 15.04% (40.9 million) of the US population.” PMID 11146694
In June of this year an article by Associated Press Writer Jim Fitzgerald entitled Peanut Butter Wars Rage in Schools stated “Schools that haven’t had a dangerously allergic pupil can expect one soon.” And “peanut allergies among schoolchildren were ‘barely on the radar’ a decade ago, said Dr. Robert Goldman, a New York allergist and Immunologist who specializes in pediatric cases.” “Now I’m seeing a tremendous number of cases,” he said. “It seems like the incidence is really increasing. As to why, I don’t think anyone in the world could tell you for sure.”
In Canada, the Anaphylaxis Canada’s Summer 2001 newsletter states that “20% of Canadians suffer from some form of allergy and approximately 4% of children and 2% of adults have developed a potentially lethal allergy to food.”2
The cover story in the September 2000 issue of Professionally Speaking, the magazine of the Ontario College of Teachers is “An Abnormal Response to Normal Things.” The article begins with “Teachers have to be aware that allergies can kill. A growing number of children are at risk – and a well-prepared teacher can make all the difference.” The article explains that “About a decade ago, the sudden surge in highly allergic children entering school systems across the province caught many educators off guard.”
Why the “surge” in anaphylactic children entering school a decade ago? These children were among the first to receive an additional vaccination, Hib meningitis. Is it possible that the Pertussis and Hib vaccine, both shown below to cause allergic responses, are creating a hypersensitive immune system in some children? Has any study looked into what happens to atopy incidence and IgE levels when 5 vaccines are given concurrently in infants?
CAN VACCINES CAUSE FOOD ALLERGIES?
JAMA 2001 Apr 4;285(13):1746-8 Detection of peanut allergens in breast milk of lactating women states, “Most individuals who react to peanuts do so on their first known exposure”……………..and concluded “Peanut protein is secreted into breast milk of lactating women following maternal dietary ingestion. Exposure to peanut protein during breastfeeding is a route of occult exposure that may result in sensitization of at-risk infants." PMID 11277829
Women have been ingesting peanut protein while breastfeeding for decades. What has changed in the last 15 years to cause infants to develop life-threatening allergies to this legume? One change has been the vaccination schedule.
The Int Arch Allergy Immunol 1999 Jul; 119(3):205-11 Pertussis adjuvant prolongs intestinal hypersensitivity concludes: Our findings indicate nanogram quantities of PT (pertussis toxin), when administered with a food protein, result in long-term senitization to the antigen, and altered intestinal neuroimmune function. These data suggest that exposure to bacterial pathogens may prolong the normally transient immune responsiveness to inert food antigens. PMID 10436392
Does this study explain why babies and toddlers react on their first exposure to the peanuts or other antigens? The babies may have been sensitized by the vaccines to the proteins through breast milk or formula ingested at the time of vaccination. This would also explain why children are anaphylactic to a variety of proteins, such as different tree nuts, peanuts, egg, legumes, milk, seeds, etc., depending on what proteins the mother ate at the time of vaccination.
IS THE INTRODUCTION OF THE HIB VACCINE CONNECTED TO THE INCREASE IN FOOD ANAPHYLAXIS IN CHILDREN?
Rates of anaphylaxis have increased dramatically since the introduction of the Hib vaccine.
Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 1979 Mar-Apr;6(2):139-49 Comparison of vaccination of mice and rats with Haemophilus influenzae and Bordetella pertussis as models of atopy, states “The Haemophilus influenzae vaccinated experimental animal provides a model that is possibly more related to human atopy than the Bordetella pertussis vaccinated animal.” PMID 311260
Ann Allergy 1979 Jan;42(1):36-40 states “To determine whether Haemophilus influenzae could be a factor in human atopy its effects were studied on the (para-)Sympathic Cyclic nucleotide-histamine axis in rats. Haemophilus influenzae vaccination induced changes in the cholinergic system compatible with higher cyclic GMP levels and enhanced histamine release. The authors suggest an involvement of the cholinergic system in Haemophilus influenzae vaccination effects. PMID 216288
Agents Actions 1984 Oct;15(3-4):211-5 entitled Bronchial hyperreactivity to histamine induced by Haemophilus influenzae vaccination states “……This suggests a hyperreactivity of the parasympathethic, cholinergic pathways as a result of H.influenzae vaccination.” PMID 6335351
Eur J. Pharmacol 1980 Apr 4;62(4):261-8 entitled The effects of Haemophilus influenzae vaccination on anaphylactic mediator release and isoprenaline-induced inhibition of mediator release states “These results indicate an increased sensitivity to antigenic challenge and suggest that the functioning of beta-adrenoceptors was decreased as a result of H. Influenzae vaccination.” PMID 6154589
DOES THE PERTUSSIS VACCINE CAUSE ASTHMA, ALLERGIES AND ANAPHYLAXIS?
Pediatrics 1988 Jun (81) Supplement - Report on the Task Force on Pertussis and Pertussis Immunization – extract states, For more than 25 years, it has been known that pertussis vaccine is a reliable adjuvant for the production of experimental allergic encephalitis.4
Pediatr Res 1987 Sep;22(3):262-7 Murine responses to immunization with pertussis toxin and bovine serum albumin: I. Mortality observed after bovine albumin challenge is due to an anaphylactic reaction……….the results of our experiments have established that the disease induced by coimmunizing mice with Ptx and BSA is due to an immediate type hypersensitivity…………PMID 3309858
Infect Immun 1987 Apr.;55(4):1004-8 Anaphylaxis or so-called encephalopathy in mice sensitized to an antigen with the aid of pertussigen (pertussis toxin), states, Sensitization of mice with 1mg of bovine serum albumin (BSA) or chicken egg albumin (EA) ………….induced a high degree of anaphylactic sensitivity when the mice were challenged i.v. with 1 mg of antigen 14 days later. PMID 3557617
CAN VACCINE ADJUVANTS CAUSE ALLERGIES AND ANAPHYLAXIS?
Requests for information on the types of adjuvants currently used in human vaccines have not been answered to date. We did find that adjuvants are used to create allergic animals for scientific study and also that peanut oil has been used as an adjuvant. Peanut is by far the most common food to cause anaphylaxis in young children. Is peanut oil, or a similar protein or portion of a protein used in human vaccines as an adjuvant or “protein coat” in the Hib vaccine? Aluminum has also been used as an adjuvant and is known to cause allergies according to the studies below. Could the adjuvants used in vaccines over the last 15 years be creating anaphylactic and allergic children?
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2001 Apr;107(4):693-702 Murine model of atopic dermatitis associated with food hypersensitivity states, “Female C3H/HeJ mice were sensitized orally to cow’s milk or peanut with a cholera toxin adjuvant and then subjected to low-grade allergen exposure………………..An eczematous eruption developed in approximately one third of mice after low-grade exposure to milk or peanut proteins……………….This eczematous eruption resembles AD (atopic dermatitis) in human subjects and should provide a useful model for studying immunopathogenic mechanisms of food hypersensivity in AD.” PMID 11295660
Allergy 1980 Jan;35(1):65-71 Antigen-induced bronchial anaphylaxis in actively sensitized guinea pigs. Pattern of response in relation to immunization regimen….guinea-pigs sensitized with small amounts of antigen together with alum produced IgE and IgG1 antibodies. PMID 7369497
Allergy 1978 Jun:33(3):155-9 Aluminum phosphate but not calcium phosphate stimulates the specific IgE response in guinea pigs to tetanus toxoid. It is hypothesized that the regular application of aluminum compound-containing vaccines on the entire population could be one of the factors leading to the observed increase of allergic diseases. PMID 707792
Pediatr Allergy Immunol 1994 May;5(2):118-23 Immunoglobulin E and G responses to pertussis toxin after booster immunization in relation to atopy, local reactions and aluminum content of the vaccines. The role of aluminium for IgG and IgE responses to pertussis toxin (PT), as well as for side effects, was investigated in 49 children with known atopy status………………the addition of aluminum to the pertussis vaccine was, thus, associated with a stronger IgG antibody response, but tended also to induce a stronger IgE antibody response. The correlation between total IgE and PT-IgE, which was most prominent in children with atopy, indicates that the role of immunization for the development of allergy merits further studies. PMID 8087191
Adv Drug Deliv Rev 1998 Jul 6;32(3):155-172 entitled Aluminum compounds as vaccine adjuvants stated, “Limitations of aluminum adjuvants include local reactions, augmentation of IgE antibody responses, ineffectiveness for some antigens and inability to augment cell-mediated immune responses, especially cytotoxic T-Cell responses. PMID 10837642
Annals of Asthma, Allergy and Immunology, Vol. 85, Number 1, July 2000 article T-cell subsets (Th1 versus Th2) includes Figure 7 on page 15 – “Factors responsible for the imbalance of the Th1/Th2 responses which is partly responsible for the increased prevalence of allergy in Western countries. Risk for atopy - Th2, increased exposure to some allergens and Th2-biasing vaccines (alum as adjuvant).”
ARE MULTIPLE VACCINES CAUSING OUR IMMUNE SYSTEMS TO FAIL?
Immunology Today, March 1998, Volume 19, p. 113-116 states, “Modern vaccinations, fear of germs and obsession with hygiene are depriving the immune system of information input upon which it is dependent. This fails to maintain the correct cytokine balance and fine-tune T-cell regulation, and may lead to increased incidences of allergies and autoimmune diseases.”
From the journal Allergy 1999, 54, 398-399, Multiple Vaccination effects on atopy, “An increase in the incidence of childhood atopic diseases may be expected as a result of concurrent vaccination strategies that induce a Th2-biased immune response. What should be discussed is whether the prize of a reduction of common infectious diseases through a policy of mass vaccination from birth is worth the price of a higher prevalence of atopy.”
Journal of Manipulative and Physiological Therapeutics, Feb. 2000; 23(2):81-90, Effects of diphtheria-tetanus-pertussis or tetanus vaccination on allergies and allergy-related respiratory symptoms among children and adolescents in the United States, “The odds of having a history of asthma was twice as great among vaccinated subjects than among unvaccinated subjects. The odds of having any allergy-related respiratory symptom in the past 12 months was 63% greater among vaccinated subjects than unvaccinated subjects.” PMID 10714532
Thorax 1998 Nov;53(11):927-32 Early childhood infection and atopic disorder, stated “Interpretation of the prediction of atopic disorders by immunisation with wholecell pertussis vaccine and treatment with oral antibiotics needs to be very cautious because of the possibilities of confounding effects and reverse causation. However, plausible immune mechanisms are identifiable for the promotion of atopic disorders by both factors and further investigation of these association is warranted.” PMID 10193389
Epidemiology 1997 Nov;8(6):678-80 Is infant immunization a risk factor for childhood asthma or allergy? This study followed 1,265 children born in 1977. The 23 children who received no DPT and polio immunizations had no recorded asthma episodes or consultations for asthma or other allergic illness before age 10 years; in the immunized children, 23.1% had asthma episodes, 22.5% asthma consultations, and 30% consultations for other allergic illness. Similar differences were observed at ages 5 and 16 years. PMID 9345669
Arerugi 2000 Jul;49(7):585-92, The Effect of DPT and BCG vaccinations on atopic disorders findings include, “From these results we conclude that DPT vaccination has some effect in the promotion of atopic disorders……. PMID 10944825
International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 121:1:2000, 2-9, Genetic and environmental factors contributing to the onset of allergic disorders. “The increasing prevalence of allergy in developed countries suggests that environmental factors acting either before or after birth also contribute to regulate the development of Th2 cells and/or their function. The reduction of infectious diseases in early life due to increasing vaccinations, antimicrobial treatments as well as changed lifestyle are certainly important in influencing the individual outcome in the Th response to ubiquitous allergens.
In conclusion, living with anaphylaxis is to be continually on guard for minute quantities of everyday food or other substances that may cause death. Keeping anaphylactic children safe involves the whole community including the child, parents, teachers, bus drivers, caregivers, friends and family.
It is our hope that the Committee will investigate the questions we have raised and will recommend further investigation into the connection between vaccines and this most distressing allergic disease called anaphylaxis.
Your time is greatly appreciated.
Respectfully yours,
Rita Hoffman
Anaphylaxis Action
R. R. #2, Stirling, Ontario K0K 3E0 Canada
613-478-3236 pancakehill@sympatico.ca
Agents Actions. 1976 Feb;6(1-3):75-85.
Adjuvant disease induced by mycobacteria, determinants of
arthritogenicity.
Audibert F, Chedid L.
Genetic, endocrine and immunological factors are probably involved in
adjuvant
polyarthritis. The nature of the vehicle and of the mycobacterial
components administered also has a major influence. It was originally
assumed that arthritogenicity and adjuvanticity of mycobacterial fractions
such as wax D were intimately related. Our previous findings showed that the
water soluble adjuvant (WSA) of M.smegmatis which could substitute for
mycobacterial cells in Freund's complete adjuvant and
induce delayed
hypersensitivity was not arthritogenic in the Wistar rat. We have
since observed that auto-immune diseases could be elicited by WSA. Therefore
experiments were repeated using the very susceptible Lewis strain. The
activity of cord factor and of various mycobacterial preparations suspended
in mineral or in
peanut oil
was also evaluated in mice and in normal or hypophysectomized rats.
Our present findings confirm the absence of arthritogenicity of WSA in the
Lewis strain. They also indicate that cord factor with WSA does not suffice
to induce a
generalized adjuvant disease, but that a mycobacterial component
which could be susceptible to lysozyme treatment is required also. However,
the local inflammation of the injected limb was produced by a preparation of
cord factor administered in mineral or even in
peanut oil. This was observed in normal or hypophysectomized rats and
in Swiss mice which were not susceptible to the generalized disease.
PMID: 181972 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Distinctive Patterns of Autoimmune Response Induced by
Different Types of Mineral Oil.
Kuroda Y, Akaogi J, Nacionales DC, Wasdo SC, Szabo NJ, Reeves WH, Satoh M.
Division of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Department of Medicine,
University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32610-0221, USA.
Although mineral oils are generally considered non-toxic and have a long
history of use in humans, the mineral oil Bayol F (incomplete Freund's
adjuvant, IFA) and certain mineral oil components (squalene and
n-hexadecane)
induce
lupus-related anti-nRNP/Sm or -Su autoantibodies in
non-autoimmune mice. In the present study, we investigated whether medicinal
mineral oils can induce other types of autoantibodies and whether structural
features of hydrocarbons influence autoantibody specificity. Three-month old
female BALB/c (16-45/group) mice received an i.p. injection of pristane
(C19), squalene (C30), IFA, 3 medicinal mineral oils (MO-F, MO-HT, MO-S), or
PBS. Sera were tested for autoantibodies and immunoglobulin levels.
Hydrocarbons were analyzed by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. IFA
contained mainly of C15-C25 hydrocarbons whereas MO-HT and MO-S contained
C20-C40 and MO-F contained C15-C40. Pristane and n-hexadecane were found in
IFA (0.17% and 0.10%, w/v respectively) and MOs (0.0026-0.027%). At 3
months, pristane and IFA induced mainly IgG2a, squalene IgG1, and MOs IgG3
and IgM in sera. Anti-cytoplasmic antibodies were common in mice treated
with MO-F, as well as those treated with pristane, squalene and IFA. Anti-ssDNA
and -chromatin antibodies were higher in MO-F and MO-S than in
untreated/PBS, squalene, or IFA treated mice, suggesting that there is
variability in the induction of anti-nRNP/Sm vs. -chromatin/DNA antibodies.
The preferential induction of anti-chromatin/ssDNA antibodies without anti-nRNP/Sm/Su
by MO-S and MO-F is consistent with the idea that different types of
autoantibodies are regulated differently.
Induction of autoantibodies by
mineral oils considered non-toxic also may have pathogenetic implications in
human autoimmune diseases.
J Vet Med Sci. 1992 Aug;54(4):685-92.
Pathological studies on local tissue reactions in guinea pigs and rats
caused by four different adjuvants.
Yamanaka M, Hiramatsu K, Hirahara T, Okabe T, Nakai M, Sasaki N, Goto N.
Division of Veterinary Microbiology, Kyoto Biken Laboratories, Inc., Japan.
We investigated pathological changes at the injection site in guinea pigs
and rats for 16 weeks following a single intramuscular injection of one of
the following
oil adjuvant emulsions; oil adjuvant ISA-70, Freund's
incomplete adjuvant, Freund's complete adjuvant, and aluminium phosphate
gel. In the animals injected with ISA-70 emulsion prepared by manual
shaking, grossly,
there was partial thickening of subcutaneous tissue,
discoloration of inter-muscular connective tissue, and swelling of the
inguinal lymph nodes at 2 and 4 weeks post injection
(PI).
Histopathologically, ISA-70 injected sites revealed acute inflammatory
changes at 72 hrs PI, and
peak reactions consisting of macrophage
accumulation around oil cysts and fibrosis were observed at 4 weeks PI.
These changes were less severe and of shorter duration than those in the
other three adjuvants. Guinea pigs and rats injected with materials
containing inactivated Newcastle disease virus (NDV) antigen similarly
showed an infiltration of plasma cells and lymphocytes in addition to the
changes described above. ISA-70 containing NDV antigen induced similar
hemagglutination-inhibition titer to that induced by Freund's incomplete
adjuvant.
PMID: 1391179 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_
uids=1391179&dopt=Abstract
Thousands of flu shots thrown out
CATHY O'LEARY - MEDICAL EDITOR
Thousands of ampoules of a new influenza vaccine due to be given to elderly
West Australians this winter have been dumped after freezing on a flight to
Australia. About 10,000 people were due to be given the vaccine Fluad, which
is believed to be more effective than standard flu vaccines and therefore
better for people with lowered immunity or chronic disease. But when the
manufacturer Chiron was flying the vaccine from overseas laboratories to
Sydney the shipment was accidentally frozen and had to be discarded.
WA Health Department communicable diseases branch medical director Tony
Watson said he had been shocked to learn about the bungle last month. He was
told Chiron could not guarantee the quality of the shipment so the
Therapeutic Goods Administration could not approve it for use. Fluad is an
adjuvanted vaccine which means viral particles
are mixed with
other substances to help boost immunity and offer wider protection
against disease. WA doctors who were planning to give it their patients had
been told to use the standard influenza vaccine instead.
"After a lot of planning it all fell in a heap which was very disappointing
but there was no way the TGA could approve it and take any risk with it," Dr
Watson said. "We were looking at providing it as part of the funded flu
vaccination to selected high-risk people to gauge its acceptability in older
people. The vaccine has been in use in Europe for five or six years and uses
an
oil-based
adjuvant instead of an aluminium-based one.
"This means it produces more antibodies and provides protection for longer
so is a stronger boost to the immune system. But the trade-off is that
it can cause more reaction at the injection site." Dr Watson said
it was too late to get extra stock of Fluad sent to Australia in time for
the winter flu season. There was no guarantee the vaccine would be funded
next season when a national tender would be called for flu vaccines.
Yesterday,Health Minister Jim McGinty launched this year's winter flu
campaign, urging people aged over 65 and those with chronic disease to have
their flu shot. He said that last year more than 1043 people were admitted
to WA hospitals for flu treatment, about 12 per cent more than the number of
cases in 2002.
www.thewest.com.au/20040428/news/general/tw-news-general-home-sto124001.html
San Jose Mercury News
Posted on Fri, Nov. 12, 2004
Food allergy vaccine promising
REACTIONS TO PEANUTS, WHEAT, MILK CURBED IN DOGS
By Esther Landhuis
Mercury News
...
The dogs in the study didn't
start off with food allergies; the scientists manipulated their immune
systems to mimic a human allergic response.
http://www.mercurynews.com/mld/mercurynews/news/local/10162659.htm
From Dorlands medical dictionary....
adjuvant (ad·ju·vant) (aj´ə-vənt, ă-joo´vənt) [L. adjuvans aiding] 1. assisting or aiding. 2. a substance that aids another, such as an auxiliary remedy. 3. in immunology, a nonspecific stimulator of the immune response, such as BCG vaccine.
Adjuvant 65 trademark for a water-in-oil emulsion containing antigen in peanut oil with Arlacel A and aluminum monostearate as the emulsifying agent. [Read this as "the peanut oil will not appear as an ingredient on the vaccine insert - bfg]
http://www.vaccinetruth.org/peanut_oil.htm
What causes vaccine allergies?
Just as drugs and certain foods can cause allergies, any individual can be
allergic to a particular vaccine. In most cases,
the allergy is caused
not by the killed or inactivated virus or bacterium but
by some other vaccine component
that is needed to stabilize or preserve the vaccine.
Allergic reactions vary
in severity. In their mildest form they may consist of itching and a
skin rash or hives.
Anaphylaxis or severe
hypersensitivity reaction causing swelling of the throat and
low blood pressure are
thankfully extremely rare and are treated by the administration of
epinephrine and other anti-allergy medication.
http://www.texaschildrens.org/carecenters/vaccine/Vaccines_SideEffects.aspx
Every vaccination will produce allergy antibodies. And the more potent a vaccine with aluminum or toxoid additives (adjuvants), the greater the risk for allergy and life threatening anaphylaxis to any of the injected ingredients. This is a medically recognized risk of vaccination.[1] This risk of anaphylaxis and allergy has become a reality for a rising number of children over the last 20 years as vaccines have increased in number and potency.
Allergic sensitization occurs when a protein(s) that is ingested, inhaled or injected, manages to evade enzymatic modification or detoxification and gain access to the bloodstream. If it persists in the blood, the protein is deemed a threat and the body sets up a defense that includes antibodies such as IgE (immunoglobulin epsilon) – on subsequent exposure to the protein this antibody triggers the release of histamine. Histamine causes inflammation and the contraction of smooth muscle. Symptoms include hives, constricted airways, vomiting, diarrhea, a drop in blood pressure and even death.
Anaphylaxis following vaccination with the conjugate vaccine Hib B, for example, has increased in recent years complicating routine immunization.[2] [3] But a potentially more profound and yet little discussed allergic concern is the use of foods in pediatric injections (vaccines, Vitamin K1, etc.) and their role in the creation of food allergies.
[1] D. O’Hagan (ed.), “Induction of Allergy to Food Proteins,” and “Real and Theoretical Risks of Vaccine Adjuvants,” Vaccine Adjuvants (NJ, Humana Press, 2000) 10 & 32.
http://www.smartvax.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=73%3Avaccine-induced-allergies
I believe that by injection a mammal can be sensitized to any protein. If a protein evades the modifying effects of the digestive system and enters the blood stream, an allergy to that protein can be created. Historically, the only mechanism implicated in mass allergy (serum sickness in children post-1895 or the cottonseed allergy in the 1940s, outbreak of gelatin allergy in kids mid 1990s or the mass allergy to antibiotics post-WW II) was injection. A person can become sensitized to any protein/toxin by ingestion, inhalation, through the skin or injection.
My argument centres on the epidemic proportions of peanut allergy. In my research, I found ER records (UK, US, AU), eyewitness reports of teachers and cohort studies that together support the idea that there was a moment of sudden acceleration around or just before 1990. As a society, we did not know that anything had happened until these 4 and 5 year olds showed up for kindergarten in the early 1990s. This period coincided with profound changes in the vaccination schedules in all WHO compliant western countries, at the same time with the same products including a novel conjugate and a 5 in one needle.
This seemed to be too great a coincidence given the few known mechanisms of sensitization, that hundreds of thousands of children (not adults) were suddenly allergic to the same thing. Whether it was refined peanut oil in the vaccine, a cross reactive protein (Hib b), or toxic overload rendering kids open to dietary proteins, I don't know. My strength is historical research. And my thesis is about the epidemic proportions of this allergy that has appeared only in specific countries (although now in Hong Kong, Singapore, South Africa). The allergy does not have a profile in India, Russia; it is limited in eastern Europe and Israel.
When you say that certainly is not the case that vaccines can cause food allergies -- I will suggest that online research will reveal that allergic sensitization is an inevitable outcome for certain children post-vaccination. This was known very early on: please look at Charles Richet's acceptance speech for the 1913 Nobel Prize for his work on anaphylaxis (and he coined the term). In this speech he states that anaphylaxis (which was rare before the invention of the hypodermic syringe) is one of three possible outcomes of vaccination.
http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/medicine/laureates/1913/richet-lectur...