Those with inadequate protein in the diet, or with poor assimilation, resulting in a deficiency of histidine and other nutrients, form poorly sulfated GAGS robbing the cells of ability to resist infection (that describes 100% of these children). Additionally, it produces dysbiosis (flora imbalance) in the gut whose lining normally is highly sulfated. Those with chronic infection shed and replace GAGs so quickly that inadequate sulfate is available even with adequate protein intake. Vitamin A deficiency has been shown to produce an accelerated turnover of GAGs as well as their undersulfation. When the live viral, measles vaccine is given, it depletes the children of their existing supply of vitamin A. The measles virus hidden in the gut is able to create a chronic vitamin A deficiency. Natural vitamin A (cis form) is important for activation of T and B cells for long-term immune memory to develop, for optimal Natural Killer Cell function, and for conversion of thyroid hormone T4 to T3. Cis vitamin A can bypass blocked G-protein pathways and turn on central retinoid receptors. Available zinc controls the amount of vitamin A the liver will release. Thus, the lack of zinc and a high intake of vitamin A may produce vitamin A toxicity in the liver with a deficiency in the cells!
In one study, the urinary GAGs changed to normal when the vitamin A deficiency was corrected, but if protein starvation caused the undersulfation of GAGs, the urinary GAGs did not return to normal with adequate protein intake, but did improve quite a bit. Most autistic children are vitamin A and protein deficient. Do you or your child have bumps on shoulders, thighs, elbows, and calves? Supplement with pure amino acids, Seazyme™, Brewer’s yeast, or desiccated liver for their protein, and with Evening Primrose oil (for its GLA), and cod-liver oil for its EPA/DHA and vitamins A and D. Seazyme™ is available at www.bestflora.com or (800) 914-6311. They offer a 60-day money back guarantee.
It was Dr. Andrew Wakefield’s work that showed that at
the core of the problem might be an inflammation of the gut caused by a
chronic measles infection. Other researchers are vindicating Dr. Wakefield’s
work. Under oath before Congress on April 6, 2000, Professor John O’Leary
told how his state-of-the-art laboratory had identified the measles virus,
something that certainly shouldg not have been there, in samples taken from
the intestines of 24 of the 25 patients. From
The gut sheds sulfated glucosaminoglycans during inflammation, which could account for the low levels there and the high levels in urine. This leads to a “Leaky Gut” condition, and to the excess opioid problem. Not only do macrophages (scavenging white blood cells) eat GAGs and release inorganic sulfate, there is a transporter the intestines use to absorb sulfate from the diet, called the DRA transporter. Its levels will decrease five-to-seven fold when the gut is inflamed. That would make it extremely difficult to absorb adequate sulfate from food or from oral supplements. The problem is a nutritional one, but it is not one easily solved by oral supplementation of sulfate. Epsom salts baths and transdermal creams seems to be the best way to replenish sulfates.
Studies have shown that patients suffering from ulcers,
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD), Crohn’s Disease, Colitis and other
inflammatory disorders have a mucosal layer turnover rate several times
greater than normal. The synthesis of N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) precursors
is also higher in patients with IBD compared to normal patients. The
turnover of cells in the lower intestinal tract is three times greater in
patients suffering from ulcerative colitis compared to normal patients.
These high, turnover rates require increased amounts of glucosamine sulfate
and of the metabolite NAG; but as
Because of its role in the repair of mucous membranes, sufficient quantities of NAG are important in cases of asthma, food allergies, respiratory allergies, vaginitis, and candidiasis. As a substance involved in the synthesis and proper use of collagen and bone matrix, NAG is in great demand for the continuous repair processes occurring during cases of tendonitis, bursitis, osteoporosis, and various skin problems. Additional substances needed for good collagen production are silicon, copper, and manganese. Because of its role in the production of immunological substances, NAG also could be important to help prevent immune related disorders such as lupus erythematosus, Hashimoto’s Disease, rheumatoid arthritis, diabetes mellitus, and myasthenia gravis. The role of amino sugars (glycoproteins) and the tissue “glue” is especially important in the intestines since the molecules form the protective mucous layer that regulates intestinal permeability. The gut must be healed. Fortunately, Glucosamine sulfate and NAG can both be taken orally. Since sulfate leaves the blood in 4-8 hours, it should be used at least twice a day, and possibly more often. Precursors to NAG, one of the eight vital sugars, are found in Ambrotose®.
These vital saccharides have also been shown in clinical trials to reduce allergies and to restore normal function in such chronic diseases as arthritis, diabetes, lupus, and kidney disease. They accelerate the healing of burns and wounds and help heal skin conditions from poison ivy to psoriasis. They increase the body’s resistance to viruses, including those that cause the common cold, influenza, herpes, and hepatitis. They quell the recurrent bacterial ear infections that plague toddlers and children. Some people with fibromyalgia, chronic fatigue syndrome, Gulf War syndrome, and HIV have reported improvement in their symptoms when they supplement their diet with these simple sugars—”Sugars that Heal” by Dr. Emil Mondoa, MD.
In the August, 2002 issue of the journal “Immunity”, study leader Herbert W. Virgin, M.D., Ph.D., professor of pathology and immunology and of molecular microbiology at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis reports that a mouse herpes virus uses molecules that mimic a cell’s own proteins (Regulators of Complement Activation [RCA]) to help thwart an immune attack by Complement during the acute stages of infection. Further, once the acute phase is past and the virus is in chromic or latent stage typical of herpes, it is susceptible to Complement attack. Thus, the chronic, latent stage of Herpes viruses, so common in our children, indicates a malfunctioning immune system. This explains why glyconutrients have been so very successful in overcoming herpes and other viruses. They are antiviral and they strengthen the immune function. A number of antiviral drugs are being prescribed, but Dr. Jeff Bradstreet warned, at DAN! 2002, not to use Ribovarin. In one study, only vitamin A, monolaurin, and lactoferrin inhibited the growth of CMV. Many studies have shown that high-dose pancreatic enzymes taken on an empty stomach is equally as effective against viruses, in particular against shingles, as is Acyclovir (but the enzymes were better in that they prevented post-herpetic neuralgia (pain) and was less costly).
Another sugar that has proven helpful is Xylitol. Daily
doses of this sweetener derived from birch bark may reduce the incidence of
ear infections in children by as much as 40 percent, according to a study
from
Since sulfur intake is low, and its oxidation is hindered in many autistic children, sulfate is low, and PST activity is slower than it would be otherwise. It would seem that this sub optimality of sulphotransferase activity is a function of low, plasma sulfate levels rather than of deficits in the actual enzyme. Cellular level enzymatic effects of mercury’s binding with proteins include blockage of sulfur oxidation processes and of the neurotransmitter amino acids. These have been found to be significant factors in many autistics. Thus, mercury, fasting, and any foodstuff that requires or uses up sulfate ions during its metabolism, will make the situation worse. These include foods that supply neurotransmitters, like bananas (serotonin), chocolate (phenylethylamine), and cheese (tyramine), apple juice (and one mother reports her child drank a quart a day!), citrus fruit juices, and paracetamol/acetaminophen (Tylenol™). For instance, one or two minutes after a dose of Tylenol™, the entire supply of sulfate in the liver is gone!
In fact, any chemicals with a high proportion of phenolic groupings will have this effect, and will enhance the problems referred to above. Many coloring materials, whether of natural or synthetic origin, possess phenolic groupings. Phenol, an organic compound, has other names such as hydroxybenzene. If the PST enzyme is deficient or sulfoxidation is lacking in some 70% to 80% of autistic kids, as some say, it behooves mothers to seriously heed the information in this section, and to carefully guard their children from certain obvious sources of trouble.
It is interesting to note Dr. Waring’s statement that those with the PST/low sulfation problem have central nervous system problems from the toxic amines. For example migraine sufferers usually have low PST activity, and are readily affected by dietary “triggers”, especially those with amines. Compounds such as flavonoids (red wine and citrus fruits), aged cheese, beers, chocolate, and strong odors inhibit PST leading to headache in the less resistant. Apple juice, citrus fruits, chocolate, and paracetamol/acetaminophen (Tylenol™) were precisely those that were known to precipitate migraine attacks in susceptible individuals. It should be noted that many multivitamin supplements, grapeseed extract, Pycnogenol™, Quercetin, and other antioxidants contain high amounts of flavonoids. Quercetin is found in 78% of the foods. It is useful in hay fever (suppress the histamine release), some forms of cardiovascular disease, and it chelates metals to prevent oxidation. It decreases vascular fragility, but stimulates adrenaline release (decreasing thymus weight), reduces general metabolism (reduces temperature and oxygen consumption), suppresses thyroid activity, inhibits cytochrome p450 (Phase I) liver enzyme activity, and it is linked with male impotence. When Quercetin was added to the growth medium of cultured human intestinal cells, Caco-2, the level of metal-binding, antioxidant-protein metallothionein decreased. The effect of Quercetin on metallothionein was dose-and time-dependent. Genistein and biochanin A (from soy), on the contrary, increased the level of metallothionein—Kuo SM, Leavitt PS, Lin CP, Nutrition Program, State University of New York at Buffalo, 14214, USA. From this list of negatives, one can see Quercetin should not be used in quantity for long term.
Modifications of serotonin (5-HT), dopamine (DA), and DA metabolites [homovanillic acid (HVA) and dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC)] were assessed at urinary levels. Responders and nonresponders showed a significant decrease of urinary 5-HT levels on fenfluramine (appetite suppressant related to amphetamine). The main differences between the two groups of subjects were found with HVA, the major metabolite of dopamine. Fenfluramine (an amphetamine) significantly increased HVA levels in responders whereas no significant modification was found in nonresponders. Moreover, the initial level of HVA (lower in responders) significantly differentiated the two groups. These results suggest that the clinical response to fenfluramine could be related to the dopaminergic action of this drug and that urinary DA metabolite levels could be considered as indicators of the responsiveness to fenfluramine treatment in children with autistic behavior—Barthelemy C; Bruneau N; Jouve J; Martineau J; Muh JP; Lelord G Source: J Autism Dev Disord, 1989 Jun, 19:2, 241-54. When HVA is elevated in relation to VMA, HPHPA is elevated. This high level of HPHPA likely inhibits conversion of dopamine to norepinephrine leading to a relative excess of dopamine.
Drugs such as Ritalin™ and ADDerall™ enhance dopamine activity, and thus stimulate the part of the brain that monitors the arousal system, resulting in better regulation. There are safer ways to build dopamine than psychostimulants, amphetamines, and alcohol. In France, scientists found administration of NADH (ENADA™) caused more than a 40% increase in production of dopamine and norepinephrine, which are vital for strength, coordination, movement, cognitive function, mood, and sex drive (Birkmayer 1996). The amino acid tyrosine builds dopamine and norepinephrine also. A nicotine patch would be safer than the drugs!
“... Dopamine sulphotransferase (ST) activity was
inhibited strongly by (+/-)-catechin, (+)-catechin, octyl gallate,
tartrazine (yellow #5), and vanillin (synthetic vanilla). Sulfation of the
xenobiotic steroid (foreign to the body) 17 alpha-ethinyloestradiol (EE2)
was inhibited by vanillin, erythrosin B, and octyl gallate [antioxidant used
in margarine]....Vanillin was found to inhibit 50% of liver EE2 ST activity
...”—Common Food Additives are Potent Inhibitors of Human liver 17
Alpha-ethinyloestradiol and Dopamine Sulphotransferases.—Bamforth KJ, Jones
AL, Roberts RC, Coughtrie MW, Biochem Pharmacol 1993 Nov 17;46(10):1713-20.
Additionally, a study of 1-million students in
There are a number of consequences attributable to PST/sulfate deficiency including impaired breakdown and metabolism of classical neurotransmitters such as serotonin and dopamine; impaired breakdown and metabolism of the bile pigments bilirubin and biliverdin, and impaired action of the hormone CCK on CCKA receptors. The latter would result in decreased secretion of pancreatic enzymes and of bile from the gallbladder and biliary tract into the intestines. This would result in low uptake of certain vitamins and other nutrients from the intestines; reduced activity of gastrin (and subsequent reduced secretion of stomach acid, mucus, and pepsin in the stomach), and, probably, reduced production of Secretin farther downstream. Secretin (esp. at high concentrations) inhibits the histamine releasing action of gastrin and pentagastrin reducing HCl as the stomach empties.
Because there is a lack of serotonin available to the brain, which causes many of the most distressing symptoms of autism, it seems reasonable to build the available serotonin by providing its precursor 5-HTP. The use of 25-50 mg three or four times a day (unless it causes a drowsiness that interferes with school) should be most beneficial. If drowsiness interferes with school, reduce the amount and/or give it later in the day. Giving 100 mg one to four hours before bedtime has safely improved the sleep of many. Use of SAMe may work better. Nevertheless, a PST child may not tolerate it. If hyperactivity or sleeplessness is observed, please discontinue.
Those with these PST deficits cannot readily excrete the phenols, amines, and other listed toxic substances. These substances are strongly acidic, and they exert toxic effects in the brain, where normally certain enzymes prevent their accumulation. They build up to abnormal levels and interfere with the neurotransmitters serotonin, dopamine, and noradrenaline among other things. Symptoms of PST/sulfate deficiency are excessive thirst, normal urination, night sweats, odorous bedclothes, black eye shadows, facial flushing, and red ears. These vary with the degree or level of toxic buildup. Certain foods may cause fevers, and some, especially those taking Paracetamol™ (Tylenol™), may go up to 24 hours without urination.
A phenolic compound may cause a variety of different symptoms in various individuals. There is evidence of immune suppression on exposure to testing doses of phenolics. There may be a drop in T-suppressor cells or total T-cell numbers. An overabundance of B-cells was interpreted as a reflection of toxic image to the immune system. An increase in helper cells, antibody formation, and elevation of some immunoglobulins was also noted. Other findings on phenolic exposure have been depressed serotonin, elevated histamine and prostaglandins, abnormal complement and immune complex formation. These compounds can contribute to the toxic overload in PST, or they can precipitate an allergic reaction.
Neurologic symptoms: In severe phenol poisoning, initial signs and symptoms may include nausea, diaphoresis (heavy perspiration), headache, dizziness, and tinnitus (ringing ears). Seizures, coma, respiratory depression, and death may ensue quickly. Coma and seizures usually occur within minutes to a few hours after exposure or after a delay of up to 18 hours. Phenol also may cause demyelination and axonal damage of peripheral nerves. Typically, transitory central nervous system (CNS) excitation occurs, and then profound CNS depression ensues rapidly. Metabolic acidosis and acute renal failure may complicate the condition. Vomiting and diarrhea are common effects of phenol toxicity by any route. Peristalsis is increased in the intestine and distribution of blood is altered by these phenolics because of sensitizing smooth muscles to epinephrine, norepinephrine, and other physiological stimulants. “Unloading the Donkey” of phenolic compounds (reduction in quantity and supplying sulfates to detoxify them) has resulted in the disappearance of arthritic pains, improved bowel function, decreased abdominal bloating, fewer emotional problems, the elimination of headaches and migraines, and a decrease or elimination of recurrent canker sores.
Nutritional deficiencies will affect the body’s ability to detoxify foreign chemicals. Nutrition science offers some protection against chronic acetaldehyde (AH) toxicity, even when it is not possible to completely avoid the four main offenders that promote AH in our bodies: alcohol, Candida, cigarettes, and heavy auto exhaust. For example, magnesium is important in over 300 enzyme systems that relate to Phase I and Phase II detoxification; however, the average American diet is low in magnesium. The Phase I enzymes, alcohol dehydrogenase and aldehyde dehydrogenase, are zinc dependent, and NAD, the coenzyme form of niacin, activates these two enzymes that break down alcohol and acetaldehyde (AH). Magnesium and NAD are both dependent on adequate supplies of vitamin B6 in the form P5P. Aldehyde oxidase requires molybdenum. A deficiency of P5P, NAD, vitamins B1, B2, iron, zinc, magnesium, molybdenum, or the amino acid histidine could significantly impair the ability to detoxify those chemicals, especially the toxins of Candida (acetaldehyde). Those with aldehyde sensitivity are incredibly sensitive to any type of fragrance.
Molybdenum is chemically responsible for breaking down AH into acetic acid. Acetaldehyde cannot be excreted from the body; it accumulates. Acetic acid can be, though, and the body naturally removes it or changes it into acetyl coenzyme A, a major player in the body’s energy system. AH accumulations in tissue are responsible for weakness in muscles, irritation, and PAIN.
Herbert Sprince, MD, et al, published many articles in the 1970’s detailing the results of their experiments that used various nutrients to protect rats from AH poisoning. Sprince fed a control group of rats an amount of AH sufficient to kill 90% of the control group in 72 hours. The experimental group of rats given the same amount of AH were also given various nutrients, either singly or in combination, that might detoxify the AH. After 72 hours, the death rate for rats given large oral doses of Vitamin C was only 27% (vs. 90% in controls), 20% for rats given the sulfur amino acid L-cysteine, 10% for rats receiving Vitamin B1, and an amazing 0% for rats protected by N-acetyl cysteine or lipoic acid. A lower dose combination of C, B1, and either L-Cysteine or N-acetyl cysteine also gave near 0% death rates! The nutrient doses Sprince administered were rather gigantic compared to RDA levels of nutrients, being equivalent to multi-gram doses for humans. Fortunately, however, most people are not subjected to such high levels of AH, so lower doses of these nutrients would doubtless provide significant AH-detoxifying power when used on a long-term basis.
John Cleary, M.D. has published papers summarizing many doctors’ and researchers’ successful use of niacin (Vitamin B3) and zinc in alcohol and AH detoxification. Since the enzymes that break down alcohol and AH are both B3 and zinc-activated, this provides an obvious rationale for their protective use in chronic alcohol/AH toxicity situations. Finally, because chronic, high-tissue levels of AH impair the normal process of recycling the active form of B3 (NAD) for continual re-use, it is obvious why normal dietary levels of B3 might be insufficient to provide optimal brain B3 levels in chronic AH toxicity situations.
By supplementing molybdenum and histidine (needed in
the molybdenum-histidine containing enzymes, sulfite oxidase and cysteine
dioxygenase, that oxidize sulfur), along with iron and the B-complex
(preferably in coenzyme form), minerals in sulfate form, such as iron
sulfate, Epsom salts (magnesium sulfate—taken orally it is a good laxative
for those that need it), and glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate (stimulates
synthesis of the GAGs we studied about above, and is mildly
anti-inflammatory without inhibiting the synthesis of Prostaglandins, and
more effective when taken together), one may supply both the minerals and
the sulfate needed to detoxify phenols and other metabolites. Chondroitin is
comprised of N-acetyl-D-galactosamine and D-glucuronate (used in Phase II
detoxification). Collagen Type II™ may be even better for it supplies at
least 50 other types of sulfate such as heparan, keratan, and dermatan
sulfate. Curiously, bread is sulfate rich. Glucosamine is a mild preventive
of hypercoagulation; thus enhances memory and learning, so give it before a
long
Buy a quality brand (one using Good Manufacturing Practices) of glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate that uses low molecular weight ingredients the use of which will supply adequate GAGs to enable the cells to resist infection. Nutramax Laboratories now offers a natural, root-beer flavored liquid Glucosamine/chondroitin sulfate product, CosaminDS. The 16 oz. bottle will retail for under $25. There are four different methods of manufacturing glucosamine capsules. According to sources at Jarrow Formulas, both glucosamine hydrochloride and N-Acetyl-glucosamine have been stripped of the “sulfate” component in the manufacturing process. Neither of these forms is expected to have any anti-viral effect against lipid envelope viruses like HIV, EBV, CMV and HHV-6, and of course, they would not supply needed sulfate for PST. Published scientific research indicates that only the sulfated polysaccharides and one sulfated monosaccharide (glucosamine sulfate) have a powerful effect against lipid envelope viruses. If the word “hydrochloride” or “N-Acetyl” appears anywhere on the label, do not buy it unless you are planning to use it exclusively for arthritis or rheumatism. Additionally, glucosamine sulfate helps heal the leaky gut, supplying the necessary sulfate for forming GAGs. Remember to choose capsules instead of tablets. Former heart surgeon Dr. Fukumi Morishige, a leading Japanese authority on vitamin C, reports that when Reishi and vitamin C are combined, the results against cancer and other diseases are far better than when Reishi is ingested alone. This is because the vitamin C makes the polysaccharides more accessible to the immune system.
In addition, take an Epsom salts bath (two cups or more in a tub of hot water). It may be best not to use soap, as there may be chemical reactions that could be adverse. Soak it up through the skin for 20 minutes, and don’t rinse off—and don’t worry if the child drinks some of the water. This bath has been shown to increase sulfur content of the blood up to four times. Sleep is improved immediately, as the child is relieved of pain and calmed. Children begin to beg for the bath!
I should mention that there is a small chance of 0. Decreasing kidney function, common in the elderly, may prevent magnesium from being excreted normally leading to a toxic condition. Initially, symptoms include: drowsiness, lethargy, and weakness. At higher levels, nausea, vomiting, and serious arrhythmia (irregular heart beat) may occur. In blood tests, elevated GGT levels may indicate excessive magnesium ingestion. If this be the cause of these symptoms, they will disappear quickly once the use of magnesium bearing products are discontinued—Dr. Richard M. Ratzan, University of Connecticut Health Center. This could only occur with very poor kidney function for the toxic level is approximately 6000 mg daily. So, high-dose magnesium is contraindicated with kidney or adrenal failure and in severe hypothyroidism. If there has been any indication that the child’s kidneys are not functioning fully (possibly high levels), check with your doctor before using magnesium (or potassium), and have him monitor magnesium/potassium levels. Strive for high-normal levels. Adequate potassium stimulates the kidneys to excrete poisonous body wastes (usually toxic protein acids from inadequate protein digestion).
Boron, Omega-3 fatty acids, and lecithin are capable of stopping magnesium loss and allowing our reserves to be restored. Magnesium deficiency is usually associated with hypocalcemia (low blood calcium), hypophosphatemia (low phosphate), and/or hypokalemia (low potassium). When a person is unresponsive to treatment for hypokalemia or hypocalcemia, magnesium may have been depleted. What to do? The medical literature clearly supports taking more magnesium and taking boron supplements or eating foods high in boron to help prevent the loss of these critical minerals.
If, after taking magnesium for a year or two at high dosages, daytime sleepiness becomes a problem, one can be assured that magnesium reserves have been restored and intake of supplemental magnesium can be reduced or replaced totally with high, magnesium-content foods. Sometimes, the first sign of replenished magnesium balance is type II insomnia (very early awakening—3 to 4 AM). In that case, 500 mg of calcium can be added to the 400 mg magnesium supplement at bedtime to help maintain sleep. Most people will require supplemental magnesium for the rest of their lives.
Be sure to filter chlorine, fluoride, and other poisons from the water you drink and bath in. Chlorine and fluorine in bath water are breathed and absorbed, especially from hot water. This is important, as both chlorine and fluorine are deadly poisons. They can produce fatigue and tiredness after the bath. Industrial chemist, J.P. Bercz, Ph.D., showed in 1992 that chlorinated water alters and destroys unsaturated, essential fatty acids (EFAs), the building blocks of people’s brains and central nervous systems. The compound hypochlorite, created when chlorine mixes with water, generates excess free radicals; these oxidize EFAs, turning them rancid. Both chlorine and fluoride inhibit the stomach’s ability to produce HCl, and impair the ability of beneficial flora to grow in the gut.
Dr. W. L. Gabler and Dr. P. A. Long at the University of Oregon Health Sciences Center found that as little as 0.2 ppm fluoride in the body (the “safe” level for public water supplies is 1.0 ppm, 8 times higher) stimulates superoxide production in resting white blood cells. This seriously depresses the ability of white blood cells to destroy pathogenic agents. Superoxide in the bloodstream also gives rise to tissue damage and acceleration of the aging process. Ref: “Fluoride Inhibition of Polymorphonuclear Leukocytes”, Journal of Dental Research, Vol 48, No.9, p1933-1939, 1979.
Do not buy a filter that uses silver as a bactericide. It is known to leak into the water and elevate levels in the blood dangerously. Do not use distilled water as it has the wrong ionization, pH, polarization, and oxidation potentials and does not remove solvents from the water. Do not use a Reverse Osmosis membrane filter, it not only wastes 5-gallons of water to produce one gallon, but both it and distilled water will deny your body needed minerals.
While taking a warm shower or lounging in a hot tub filled with chlorinated water, one inhales chloroform. Even worse, warm water opens the pores, causing the skin to act like a sponge. One will absorb and inhale more chlorine in a 10-minute shower than by drinking eight glasses of the same water. This irritates the eyes, the sinuses, throat, skin and lungs, makes the hair and scalp dry, worsening dandruff. It can weaken immunity. A window from the shower room open to the outdoors removes chloroform from the shower room air, but to prevent absorption of chlorine through the skin, a showerhead that removes chlorine from shower water is a must. The ShowerWise™ filter and showerhead can be ordered for about $69, Replacement filter cartridges $26.00. They last about one year. An extension hose can be used to fill the tub with filtered water.
For those times when the bath is not convenient (camping), or when one wants to increase the amount of magnesium, but bowels are sensitive to it, one can have the benefits of the bath with a cream. Kyle, for whom it was developed, prefers the cream. Rub 1/2 teaspoon of the cream on the tender parts to obtain 250 mg magnesium. Key Pharmacy, 1-800-878-1322 or 1-416-633-2244 especially formulates the cream, FAX: 1-416-633-3400. (A lotion is available from Kirkman Labs.) Ask for the Epsom salts cream. A 4 oz. jar for $29.89, plus shipping, has approximately 48 servings. All ingredients seem safe for children, for it contains fatty acids, a form of lecithin, and magnesium sulfate. The use of the cream should avoid the following possibility.
One researcher makes this observation, “I have no doubt that oral sulfate is a substrate to feed (some strains of) Candida. It probably takes some energy from the SO4 form and excretes it as H2S, and robs the energy it may be able to get from reducing the sulfur, excreting toxic H2S.” H2S is very foul smelling, so if an increased foul-smelling gas is created in following these recommendations, you will need to deal with the yeast overgrowth.
Sulfate is the most oxidized form of sulfur. It doesn’t need to be oxidized any more, so supplementing or bathing in sulfate supplies what is lacking because of the body’s inability to oxidize the sulfur in foods. Oral sulfate will be poorly absorbed; so, supplement a gram or more of sulfate each day. Some will get through. Supplementing papain enhances absorption of sulfates. SAMe (SAM) is said to improve sulfoxidation; in fact, it is necessary to the manufacture of all sulfur-containing compounds in the body. Dr. Jeff Bradstreet, MD, father of an autistic child, has this to offer: “If the child has an unusual odor at night or their bedclothes do, or if they sweat while asleep (PST defect), use methylsulfanylmethane (MSM), 1500 to 3000 mgs per day. In the study, 83% of autistic children were PST abnormal, and MSM should help this. It did in our son’s situation.”
MSM works with copper in many functions, and may get depleted with copper supplementation or when high copper levels are present. Additionally, our soils are depleted of sulfur, and such sulfonyl as there is in foods is lost in cooking. MSM is a white, crystalline powder that is odorless and somewhat bitter tasting. It mixes in water more easily than sugar, and just barely affects the taste. In juice or other beverages, it is undetectable. MSM is effective in ameliorating gastrointestinal upsets such as that produced by the ingestion of aspirin and other pharmaceuticals, or that from parasitic infections. Individuals with gastrointestinal symptoms such as diarrhea, chronic constipation, nausea, hyperacidity and/or epigastric pain (having been reported more effective than Tagamet™), or inflammation of mucous membranes also will experience dramatic relief. Individuals presenting symptoms of pain and inflammation associated with various musculoskeletal system disorders, including arthritis, report substantial and long-lasting relief. Those lacking in sulfite oxidase cannot metabolize MSM, or the sulfite used in Chinese foods or on some green salads, to sulfate, and may get headache, dizziness, fatigue, wheezing, leg pain, and other symptoms. MSM also seems to cause hair loss when there is heavy metals poisoning, particularly mercury. This may be overcome by supplementing molybdenum and vitamin B6, and this will enable more efficient metabolism in this pathway relieving the sensitivity to sulfur-bearing foods, and producing needed sulfates. Many cannot tolerate more than 500 mg MSM; yet show very positive benefits from even this amount. So, start low and increase dosage as you can tolerate it. Always supplement molybdenum when taking MSM. Two hundred to 300 mcg a day may be enough, but moly absorbs poorly, and adults may require 1000 mcg twice daily for three or four months or longer to overcome this aversion to sulfur-bearing foods.
One should note that mercury binds to the -SH (sulfhydryl) groups, resulting in inactivation of sulfur and blocking of enzyme function, producing toxicity. Sulfur is essential in enzymes, hormones, nerve tissue, and red blood cells. Mercury also blocks the metabolic action of manganese and the entry of calcium ions into cytoplasm. Mercury thus has the potential to disturb all metabolic processes. Under these conditions MSM should be most helpful.
DMSO is being used as the solvent in transdermal Secretin. This is essentially the same as MSM. At least one Mom is reported to have found good results with DMSO alone. When she added Secretin further gains were noted, but when she ran out of Secretin, the gains continued with DMSO alone! DMSO has long had a reputation as a panacea for about everything that ails you. A case in point, applying it to the abdomen has alleviated all symptoms of colitis and Irritable Bowel Syndrome. Both it and MSM work wonders for arthritis. To avoid skin dryness, dilute DMSO by15% with distilled water.
If the child can metabolize organic sulfur (like MSM/DMSO) all the way to sulfate, then MSM is a good way of increasing sulfate. However, if the enzyme sulfite oxidase is not working well, then MSM is a bad idea. Sulfite oxidase requires molybdenum as a cofactor, and since mercury depletes selenium; and mercury, MSM, oral sulfate, and copper tends to deplete molybdenum; selenium and molybdenum must be supplemented. Conversely, tungsten inhibits the action of molybdenum and thus inhibits the molybdenum-based enzymes sulfite oxidase, xanthine oxidase, and aldehyde oxidase. This would likely cause an excess of molybdenum to accumulate. Thus, both excess mercury and excess tungsten would create a shortage of the listed enzymes.
A coenzyme, vitamin B-complex supplement of moderate potency should be supplemented. One mother in supplementing molybdenum reports that her daughter, who was doing quite well, regressed into severe, autistic symptoms for three days, including 18 hours of screaming—possibly due to detoxifying. Her doctor urged her to cease, but she stayed the course, and her daughter was far and away better! This is serious stuff.
Incidentally, a gross deficiency of molybdenum manifests as tachycardia, headache, mental disturbances, and coma. An excess intake of 10-15 mg daily (for adults) can cause a gout-like syndrome because of an elevated production of uric acid. Dosage range should not exceed 1 mg per day (adult), bearing in mind that more than 0.5 mg causes a loss of copper. Very little molybdenum is needed, but it is an important element in several important metalloenzymes (xanthine oxidase, aldehyde oxidase, and sulfite oxidase) that participate in crucial liver detoxification pathways.
Until the body regains its ability to oxidize sulfur, it may be desirable to limit high sulfur containing foods (cruciferous vegetables, broccoli, onions, garlic, turnips, eggs, red meat, turkey, dairy products); and supplements like alpha lipoic acid, glutathione, L-cysteine, and N-acetylcysteine (NAC can be better tolerated when used with its teammates, the amino acids lycine, glycine, and glutamine in ratio 2:1:1, and the B-complex vitamins. It should be tried for the glutathione it produces is so vital). Those who have a problem with these foods likely have an impaired sulfur oxidation (a cysteine oxidation) problem, and should be alert to cysteine toxicity. Even those who do not oxidize cysteine well can usually tolerate NAC at 500 mg daily (adult dose) without contributing to cysteine toxicity. Dr. Russell Blaylock, MD, says that NAC is not an excitotoxin (unless taken in such quantities as to overflow the cysteine pool, for excess cysteine is an excitotoxin) for it enters the brain cell and is converted to glutathione (if glycine and glutamine are also available). Supplying any of these sulfur foods may be a problem to some of these kids who do not oxidize sulfur well. One indicator may be fatigue after eating these. Unless a problem is observed, however, these foods should not be restricted unnecessarily for that will cause a reduction of the vital antioxidant glutathione, and interfere with the conversion of T4 thyroid hormone into T3.
Blueberry extract, grape seed extract, pine tree bark, green tea extract, and other foods have phenols, salicylates, and other stuff that are normally detoxified by PST, an enzyme needed by the brain and the gut to metabolize high-phenolic compounds like the artificial colors and flavors. Recent studies indicate that salicylate also has an effect on PST. Salicylate suppresses PST enzymes up to 50%, so, all high salicylates foods, dyes, and colors should be removed from the diet. Phase II has been shown to be low for people with ADHD or autism.
As previously stated, boron conserves calcium and magnesium. An experiment was designed to test part of the hypothesis that physiologic amounts of dietary boron also enhances utilization of, or alternatively compensates for, inadequate concentrations of active vitamin D3 metabolites to normalize energy substrate utilization and mineral metabolism. Day-old cockerel chicks fed a diet supplemented with boron, as orthoboric acid, gained 38% increase in growth compared to those lacking boron in the diet! Another group was fed a vitamin D deficient diet. After 26 days, the chicks receiving inadequate vitamin D had decreased food consumption and plasma calcium concentrations. They also showed increased plasma concentrations of glucose, beta-hydroxybutyrate, triglycerides, triiodothyronine, cholesterol, and alkaline phosphatase activity.
This is astounding information that is vital to the
health of all dwellers north of the Mason-Dixon Line; doubly so for you in
far
The study found that when those chicks who lacked vitamin D received physiologic amounts of boron, they increased their food consumption and returned to normal amounts of plasma glucose and triglycerides they had before being put on a vitamin D deficient diet, seemingly compensating for perturbations in energy substrate utilization induced by vitamin D3 deficiency. Boron also helped to prevent inflammatory disease by inhibiting several key regulatory enzymes involved in the inflammatory response.
A similar study showed that boron increased concentrations of serum vitamin D3 and ionized calcium while reducing bone copper. An increase in bone boron concentrations was observed also. Scientific literature involving animal and human studies show boron to have an integrative role in the areas of bone metabolism, joint health, mental acuity, wound healing, and proper functioning of the endocrine system. Other sources tell us that boron, by conserving estrogen and testosterone, reduces calcium loss by 30%!
Dr. Jonathan Wright of Tahoma Clinic of
New
In fact, any chemicals with a high proportion of phenolic groupings will have this effect, and will enhance the problems referred to above. Methyl Salicylate: (Salicylic Acid, Wintergreen Oil) is one such. This phenolic is toxic in moderate concentrations. It is used in birch beer, chewing gum (in high concentrations), grape, mint, root beer, sarsaparilla, spice, walnut and wintergreen flavor in baked goods, beverages, candy, ice cream, ices, syrups, mint-scented cleaning products, and in perfumery. Symptoms of methyl salicylate poisoning are acidosis, pulmonary edema, and vomiting. This compound has lethal drug interactions with many substances including anticoagulants, tricyclic antidepressants, Indocin, and Methotrexate. Gallic Acid is another. Gallic Acid is found in food coloring agents and is, unquestionably, the most important of all phenolics. Neutralization of gallic acid is the basis of the Feingold Diet, which eliminates salicylates.
In the experience of one who suffered it, salicylate intolerance is one of the most difficult things to get under control. “The symptoms can, in my personal experience, be fragmented visual perception, exposure anxiety and emotional hypersensitivity, muscle tension (including throwing oneself backwards and back arching), compulsive rocking, muscular twitching (ants in your pants feeling), attention problems, muscular aches and pains, allergic ‘shiners’ (black rings under the eyes), difficulty sleeping, and OCD.” Salicylate intolerance mimics a cocaine-like effect. Sometimes they cause skin problems such as eczema and urticaria. For salicylate poisoning, doctors administer the amino acid called glycine to help the liver remove the salicylates. Since glycine is also particularly beneficial for people with too much serotonin influence, it may be a good supplement to consider even if it doesn’t test low in an amino acid assay.
Beef patties containing 30% fat and grilled over mesquite wood had 24 aromatics at a total concentration of 549 g/kg of meat while the same beef cooked over hardwood (hickory) charcoal had 16 aromatics representing 68 g/kg. A heavy, smoke flavor would produce a higher concentration of phenols than light smoke. Hamburgers barbecued with lots of smoke (especially in a covered grill) may be a potential phenol problem as will smoked bacon. Smoked bacon cured with nitrates is even more toxic than phenols by themselves.
Additionally, fruit sugars will feed the Candida causing an explosive overgrowth with increased acetaldehyde toxins. Candida also produces arabinose and tartaric acid. Dr. Wm. Shaw of The Great Plains Laboratory, Inc. thinks that high concentrations of arabinose may inhibit the liver’s production of glucose, causing hypoglycemia and impairing neurological function. Cheney described two boys diagnosed as autistic. Their urine test showed high levels of arabinose and tartaric acid. Tartaric acid looks like malic acid, and poisons cells by interfering with the Krebs cycle. Both boys had been on repeated antibiotics for recurring ear infections, and had not been autistic until recently. They were about six years old. In these unusual cases, when the boys were treated with Nystatin™, they both recovered, and were no longer autistic!
Dr. Bill McAnalley, Mannatech Inc., a foremost
authority in carbohydrate technology says, “The elevated arabinose readings
in autistic children are caused by the Candida. It is the signal the body
looks for to destroy the undesirable organisms. It is possible that
ingesting Ambrotose® (that contains arabinose sugar) could further elevate
Arabinose levels in the urine initially. Ambrotose® has been studied for its
candidicidal benefits. These were demonstrated in the paper by
Many coloring materials (porphyrin), whether of natural or synthetic origin, possess phenolic groupings. For this reason, some practitioners recommend the removal of all pigmented foods from the diet (Sara’s Diet). This may not be necessary due to the nature of enzyme activity (the greater the need, the faster it works), but you must at least eliminate juices (or limit to a little pear juice), and eliminate all artificial colors and flavors. Avoid “deodorant” soaps and deodorants containing “triclosan”, a chlorophenol. It should be noted that problems relating to inhibition of cytochrome p450 liver enzymes (Phase I liver detoxifying) are involved with porphyrin in the foods and supplements named in the above paragraphs. Additionally, potatoes, tomatoes, and eggplant contain glycoalkaloids that, even in small amounts, can greatly slow the metabolism of anesthetic agents and muscle relaxants, requiring up to 10 times longer to recover from an anesthetic. An excellent indicator of mercury toxicity is a porphyrin excretion test. High porphyrin levels in the urine suggest a heavy metal burden. FDA has approved a test measuring porphyrins as a test for mercury poisoning. However, some other dental problems such as nickel crowns and root canals also can cause high porphyrins. “There is a simple test for porphyrin that you can do. Take a urine sample and place it in the sunlight. Look for color changes from a reddish-amber to dark (almost black). The color change is indicative of type and quantity of metabolites in the urine”—Jack Dwayne Thrasher, Ph.D. Toxicologist/ Immunotoxicologist.
DPT immunization in inbred mice has been shown to result in decreased synthesis of cytochrome p450, and of phospho-sulfotransferase, and of the messenger RNA necessary for their production. A decrease in production of the liver enzymes phospho-sulfotransferase and the cytochrome p450 family of enzymes causes a failure to break down food proteins (including gluten and casein) into amino acids. The resulting intermediates, called peptides, can cross into the blood. Anything that further inhibits these cytochrome p450 liver enzymes would compound the problem of toxicity, and further contribute to the opioid problem. “Treatment of the latter (Candida) with conventional synthetic antifungal agents often causes impairment of liver detoxification functions, and a decrease in the synthesis of phospho-sulfotransferase, an enzyme necessary to cleave food proteins, e.g. casein, into smaller easily absorbable peptides.”—Dr. Hugh Fudenberg, MD. Many drugs and opiates interfere with the immune system. Opiates increase apoptosis (cell suicide) of T–lymphocytes from the norm of 5% to 30%. Additionally, multiple chemical sensitivities and liver pain would likely result.
Metallothioneins (MT) are small (short) cysteine-rich
proteins that do more than just help cells detoxify, scavenge free radicals,
and regulate metals. They are involved in cell growth and cell
specialization (differentiation) and homeostasis. Growth factors such as
epidermal growth factor (EGF) cause rat liver cells to grow and secrete
MT is known to modulate three fundamental processes: 1) the release of gaseous mediators such as hydroxyl radicals or nitric oxide, 2) apoptosis, and 3) the binding and exchange of heavy metals such as zinc, cadmium, or copper. Thus, an MT deficiency would be expected to create a hypersensitivity to heavy metals and to vaccines, to produce zinc depletion and copper overload, to cause an incomplete breakdown of casein and gluten (through a deficiency of zinc-dependent, digestive enzymes and HCl, and a depletion of DPP-IV), to contribute to intestinal inflammation, diarrhea, and yeast overgrowth, to impair development of brain cells and neuronal connections, and to create a tendency for seizures, anxiety, and emotional meltdowns. MT has been shown to be an excellent antioxidant in in-vitro experiments, but it does not seem to play any major role against oxidative stress in Zn and Cd challenged cells. Most of the cross-resistance to oxidative stress in Cd challenged cells seems to be accounted for by the parallel increase in glutathione. These results suggest a dominant protective role of MT against Cd compared with other metals.
In one study, it was determined that cadmium, zinc, and copper all induce the same metallothionein isoform, MT1a. This is likely important information because this provides a mechanism by which each of these three metals can compete with the other two: by competition for binding locations on the metallothionein molecule.
William Walsh, senior scientist, Health Research Institute and Pfeiffer Treatment Center of Naperville, Ill., in his study of 503 children with PDD, Asperger’s, and autism, found all but four were missing MT, which the body needs to bind with toxic metals—like mercury—so it can be excreted before it damages the brain and gut. Walsh believes a child who lacks MT may develop any of these developmental conditions if he gets mercury in his system. This may explain why some children become autistic after receiving a mercury-enhanced vaccine. It also explains why autism hits before the age of 3. After that, the brain and the gut have matured enough to withstand further doses of mercury, although the child may develop ADD and lesser developmental problems. Additionally, one out of five children has attention deficit disorder (ADD). A recent study in the Journal of Autism linked ADD with a milk protein, casomorphin (www.notmilk.com/aa.html). Of course, autistic children have responded most favorably to a casein-free diet. Casein/gluten peptides are broken down by zinc dependent enzymes (carboxypeptidase A, aminopeptidase, etc.). MT dysfunction is associated with severe zinc depletion and reduced production of these enzymes. Diminished MT in GI tract results in increased levels of unbound mercury, lead, cadmium, etc., which can disable enzymes that break down casein and gluten. Correction of MT disorder may eliminate need for a casein/gluten free diet.
Glutathione (along with L-histidine and zinc) is a key resource for the formation of metallothionein (MT). The MT molecule prevents cellular toxicity by creating a stable storage for excesses of essential minerals such as copper and zinc, and toxic metals such as mercury and cadmium. In 1995, Sato et al. reported that inhibition of glutathione-S-transferase induces decreased expression of MT. Walsh recently reported that 91% of autistic patients had a deficiency of metallothionein, and suggested this deficiency is likely to be genetic, and may be a primary susceptibility factor for neurotoxicity from heavy metals including vaccinal thimerosal. The cumulative effects of ingesting mercury can cause brain damage. Thimerosal, a mercury compound, is used as a preservative in hepatitis B, diphtheria, pertussis and acellular pertussis, tetanus and HIB vaccines. Most infants have received a total of 15 doses of these mercury-containing vaccines by age six months! Studies document thimerosal as both an allergen and a toxin to sodium channels.
Another interesting connection: Some cysteine is broken down into taurine and sulfates unless the essential enzyme cysteine dioxygenase is lacking. In some cases, the sulfur-oxidation of cysteine is defective. About 30% of the population are slow sulfur-oxidizers and 2% are “nul” S-oxidizers, but in a small study of autistics, 45.8% were “null” oxidizers! It appears that, in a high percentage of autistics, oxidation of cysteine is impaired. Slow Sulfur-oxidation appears to be inherited, and has been associated with a number of disease states, especially rheumatoid arthritis and allergy that are five times more common in the families of autistic children. One study of severe food and chemical allergies found 94% had low S-oxidation capacity and reduced plasma sulfate. It appears, then, that the PST-troubled kid has numerous allergies, a light-colored stool, a failure to digest fat from a lack of taurine-formed bile, and is phenol toxic for want of sulfates. This condition might be indicated by an elevated copper and mercury reading indicating not enough bile is being made by the liver. This can sometimes be improved by taking taurine and glycine, and the overall condition can be improved by supplementing sulfates. This seems to be added reason to supplement L-histidine and molybdenum. The liver should be supported as indicated elsewhere in this paper. Clinical studies show that autistic children with significant allergy problems have elevated cysteine/sulfate ratios in their blood, and there are other indications of disordered sulfur amino-acid chemistry.
High, plasma cysteine/sulfate ratio indicates a problem of the body either consuming or wasting sulfate too fast, or not properly forming sulfate in the enzyme cascade. Cysteine itself is usually in normal or elevated range, and the problems are concerning the sulfate. Sulfite oxidase is the enzyme at the end of the metabolic chain from methionine > cysteine > taurine > sulfate, and is a histidine-molybdenum enzyme. Supplementing sulfate would surely be a benefit for the problems directly related to not having enough sulfate for completion of detoxification and for sulfating GAGs. However, the intermediate products of the impaired sulfur-oxidation, and not just the lack of sulfate, may cause some health problems. High, plasma or tissue cysteine, that is, cysteine that is above the normal range, irrespective of the sulfate levels, is actually quite a different problem, indicating a failure of the first enzyme step in metabolizing cysteine. This enzyme, cysteine dioxygenase (CDO), is an iron-histidine enzyme.
People with high, cysteine levels will report discomfort and illness as a direct result of eating methionine/cysteine rich meats and plants such as garlic and broccoli. Don’t take the glutathione precursors that contribute directly to the cysteine pool. Both L-cysteine and whole glutathione do this. It’s of interest to note that cysteine is commonly incorporated into pharmacological preparations as a stabilizer for peptides such as Secretin. Standard chemical calculations show that a rapid infusion of 1.0 mg cysteine HCl, as contained in a vial of porcine Secretin, will produce a significant increase in the plasma concentration of cysteine. Since Secretin is not currently given in a weight dependent manner, the lower the weight of an individual, the greater the concentration of cysteine in the plasma. The increase in the cysteine level from one vial of Secretin is negligible in adults, but it almost doubles the cysteine concentration in a 30-pound child. This could have very definite toxic effects for some with a sulfoxidation problem (PST kids).
Cysteine possesses excitatory, neurotransmitter properties, acting centrally and peripherally at NMDA (N-methyl-D-aspartate) type glutamate receptors (Parsons et al., 1997). This effect in the CNS may be responsible for hyperactivity reported by some parents soon after a child receives Secretin. In the presence of bicarbonate ions in the GI tract (such as the bicarbonate-rich pancreatic fluid induced by Secretin), cysteine becomes a potent excitotoxin (Williams et al., 1991), which could account for anecdotal reports of loose stools or diarrhea a few days after a Secretin infusion. NAC does not contribute directly to cysteine toxicity unless you take massive amounts of it. At 500 to 1000 mg/day (adult) you stand to benefit without significantly increasing risk of cysteine toxicity. The common thread in all of these failing enzymes is the need for adequate L-histidine. L-histidine is used by the body in many metal/mineral bearing enzymes, storage molecules, and transport and excretion molecules. People having metal/mineral enzyme problems, or metal/mineral dysregulation should be looking at supplementing this amino acid in addition to adjusting their source of minerals such as molybdenum, copper, iron, zinc, and manganese. In fact, histidine is such a powerful chelator of heavy metals and minerals that it should probably be used only under medical supervision lest a deficiency of necessary minerals be created.
Following the Feingold diet plan will benefit these
kids by exclusion of foods substances known to include high amounts of
phenols. Salicylates, dyes, sodium benzoate, BHA, BHT, FD&C yellow dye #5
(tartrazine), vanillin, eugenol are all phenolic compounds. Foods have
differing amounts of phenols and salicylates in them and you need to
eliminate some of the highest ones and choose from the lower ones. For a
small membership fee, The Feingold Association will provide a listing of
foods to avoid, as well as a continually updated list of safe foods. Their
address is: Feingold Association of the
Sodium benzoate (#211) has been implicated in
everything from asthma to itchy skin rashes to behavior. Behavioral
reactions are likely to be next day irritability, lasting all day, with
outbursts if things go wrong. One woman who hadn’t noticed the new
preservative wrote, “My son had temper tantrums 20-24 hours after having the
7-UP”. Twenty non-allergic subjects with chronic rhinitis reacted to sodium
benzoate with symptoms including runny or blocked nose, sneezing and itchy
nose. There were similar but fewer reactions to tartrazine (#102),
erythrosine (#127), para-hydroxybenzoate (#214-#219), sodium metabisulphite
(#223), and monosodium glutamate (#621). Pacor ML and others. Monosodium
benzoate hypersensitivity in subjects with persistent rhinitis. Allergy.
2004;59(2):192-7. Recent reports indicate that sodium benzoate in soft
drinks switchs off vital parts of DNA in the mitochondria, effectively
destroying its function in producing energy - Professor Peter Piper, a
professor of molecular biology and biotechnology,
Researchers say that many more adult asthmatics are sensitive to salicylates than are aware of their sensitivity. While only 3% report aspirin sensitivity, 21% of adult asthmatics reacted to oral challenges. Most also react to ibuprofen, naproxen, and diclofenic NSAIDs—Jenkins C and others, Systematic review of prevalence of aspirin induced asthma, BMJ 2004;328(7437):434-8. German researchers using a diet ‘largely avoiding preservatives, dyes, and natural pseudoallergens’ found nearly three quarters of patients with urticaria (hives) experienced remission of more than 6 months compared to one quarter with spontaneous remissions. Nearly all patients who improved on diet reacted to tomatoes. Henz BM, Zuberbier T. Exp Dermatol. Most chronic urticaria is food-dependent, and not idiopathic. 1998;7(4):139-42.
Short of avoiding all these otherwise good foods
containing phenols and malonic acid, what can a PST child do to counter
these undesirable happenings? Increase the amount of insoluble fiber and
supplement the amino acid glycine (possibly as DMG/TMG). Take a teaspoon of
apple cider vinegar several times a day as recommended elsewhere in this
paper. Two mothers report that Cranberry juice has reduced or eliminated
these effects, probably by reducing the yeast overgrowth. One should use
Schizandra chinensis, a very important liver herb. It protects the liver
function and tissue from toxic damage, and has demonstrated a clinically
significant influence on both the Phase I and II detoxification process.
Schizandra extract enhances liver glutathione status, and helps to
synchronize the Central Nervous System. Unlike other enhancers, it
significantly enhances glutathione production within the mitochondria.
Researchers show that it enhances cellular levels of heat-shock proteins
that are partly responsible for the potent effect against stressors,
damaging chemicals, and free radicals. Animal tests show that it calms those
who show anxious behavior (Chang 1986) and enhances cognitive function (Hong
Kong University of Science and Technology). Two lignans inhibit swelling and
disintegration of brain mitochondria reducing the possibility of brain
damage (
Additionally, corticosteroids, specifically the adrenal hormone, hydrocortisone, with the thyroid hormone T3, increase PST enzyme expression three- to five-fold, specifically 75% with hydrocortisone (20 nM) and T3 (10 nM) invitro. This is because it prevents normal decay of these enzymes (half life is 43 hours)—Regulation of Phenol Sulfotransferase Expression in Cultured Bovine Bronchial Epithelial Cells by Hydrocortisone, Joe D. Beckmann, Mary Illig, and Ronald Bartzatt, University of Nebraska Medical Center. This explains why Kane suggests pregnenolone. I urge first a support of the burned-out adrenals and the thyroid as outlined elsewhere in this paper.
Ambrotose®, Phyt•Aloe®, Dandelion, Ligustrum lucidum, Bovine colostrum, Shark liver oil, excipients of powdered rice bran, Schizandra, Green Tea, vitamins A, C, E, undenatured whey, and wheat grass all produce glutathione effectively without any adverse toxicity or without messing with the Phase I enzyme activity. A number of foods stimulate the body to produce more of the Phase II enzymes. They contain indoles, glutathione, and glucosinolate compounds found in broccoli, kale, and Brussels sprouts, and choline and inositol found in buckwheat and Lecithin. These foods have been shown to improve liver detoxification function, and to decrease the risk of developing cancer. They include members of the cabbage family (crucifers), which includes not only cabbage but broccoli, cauliflower, Bok Choy, Brussels sprouts, green onions, garlic, and kale (all but one are in Phyt•Aloe®), These vegetables contain compounds called aryl isothiocyanates that directly stimulate the activity of an enzyme, glutathione S-transferase, an important component of the Phase II system. Unfortunately, these same vegetables contain high levels of phenol which is the toxin not being excreted adequately in PST kids. They also supply high sulfur that some cannot tolerate, and of course, some are allergic to them, so they must be used with caution. If you have “unloaded the Donkey” as outlined herein, you should be able to tolerate these vital foods.
Some have found Essaic™ (Ojibwa) tea helpful in this condition. Dr. Hugh Fudenberg uses it with his immune-compromised patients, and states that it heals the endothelial cells of the GI tract and the liver. It is a proprietary formula of Burdock Root (arctium lappa), Slippery Elm (ulmas vulva), Sheep Sorrel (rumex acetosella), and Indian Rhubarb (rheuma palmatum). It probably should be used intermittently for Burdock is potentially toxic to the liver and peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC). Sheep Sorrel enhances cytochrome p450 (Phase I) liver enzymes that will deplete fatty acids, steroids, estrogen, Prostaglandins, retinoic acid (vitamin A), glycine, and body alcohols faster, and make many drugs less effective. At least be aware, and if you use it, supplement fatty acids (Evening Primrose and cod-liver oil if your child can tolerate them) and glycine, and have the doctor watch the liver and PBMC functions carefully. For limited periods, use of herbs that enhance Phase I liver enzyme action would seem beneficial to those whose liver is sluggish and/or to those without the PST/sulfoxidation problem. It can be dangerous, however, for PST kids because the more toxic metabolites of Phase I activity cannot be cleared effectively by PST (Phase II deficient) types. Defense against this oxidative stress requires the support of compounds with antioxidant properties, which are helpful to prevent the potential tissue damage from the highly-reactive oxygen species often produced during Phase I activity. Antioxidants help by “neutralizing” these reactive oxygen species.
Nevertheless, enhancement of Phase I could enhance breakdown of protein to amino acids, and limit the peptides that upon entering the blood stream produce opioids. Some nontoxic herbs that do that are Milk Thistle, Bistort, Ginger, Royal Jelly, and the aforementioned sheep sorrel. Dandelion is nontoxic, a good chelator and detoxifier, and has no effect on the Phase I function, thus it may be the best choice for strengthening the liver function. I strongly advise that you get the small book “The Liver Cleansing Diet, Love Your Liver and Live Longer” by Sandra Cabot, MD, and follow this liver friendly guide to eating. Half the small book consists of recipes. It can make a world of difference when the liver functions as it should—otherwise nothing else really works. Dr. Carson G. Burgstiner, MD, PC, reports that thymus glandular and a good multivitamin/mineral supplement restored his and many patients’ normal liver function after suffering longstanding Hepatitis C.
Three things that build the liver, even reversing hepatitis, are Alpha Lipoic acid, Milk Thistle (for short time use), and selenium. To combat hepatitis requires significant amounts of each (600 mg, 900 mg, and 400 mcg, respectively for adults) that should be used only under direction of a nutritionally savvy doctor, but it does work (Dr. Burton Burkson, MD, 505-524-3720). Also extremely effective is Ambrotose AO™ by Mannatech™. All these except Milk Thistle should be very effective in restoring liver detoxification in PST kids. Nevertheless, Alpha Lipoic Acid can be dangerous with the mercury toxic and/or those with high cysteine values. Additionally, a German study reports that six months of lipoic acid supplementation caused a vitamin B12 deficiency.
An example of what can happen when cysteine (sulfur)
toxicity occurs: this happened to a mother of a 17 and a 15 year old, both
autistic—the older one more severely so. She is a very experienced,
well-informed mother who taught me much of what I know. In fact, she saw
tremendous gains in the first year using Mannatech™ products and many other
nutritional interventions. He actually went for over a year without
seizures. She had been using Immunocal™ for six months or longer. Though she
had seen this PST/sulfate information, she overlooked their obvious PST
symptoms. While Christmas Shopping, her daughter, who now passes for “